objective: crispr/cas9 technology provides a powerful tool for targeted modification of genomes. in this system, a donor dna harboring two flanking homology arms is mostly used for targeted insertion of long exogenous dna. here, we introduced an alternative design for the donor dna by incorporation of a single short homology arm into a circular plasmid. materials and methods: in this experiment...

modeling and simulation techniques are now widely used alongside with their experimental counterparts in order to complement them, or sometimes to bring first insights into the possible outcome of experiments. “modeling” is a general word that could encompass a wide range of methods that could be applied to a variety of subjects and problems. here, the use of selected molecular modeling methods...

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between the cyclic homology and cohomology theories of Connes [9-11], see also Loday and Quillen [20], and "IF equivariant homology and cohomology theories. Here II" is the circle group. The most general results involve the definitions of the cyclic homology of cyclic chain complexes and the notions of cyclic and cocyclic spaces so precis...

The purpose of these notes is to define an equivalence between the natural homology theories associated to operads and the homology of functors over certain categories of operators (PROPs) related to operads.

as recent advancements in biology shows, the molecular machines specially proteins, rna and complex molecules play the main role of the so called cell functionality. it means a very big part of the system biology is concerned with the interactions of such molecular components. drug industries and research institutes are trying hard to better understand the concepts underlying these interactions...

In the wake of Donaldson’s pioneering work [6], Picard-Lefschetz theory has been extended from its original context in algebraic geometry to (a very large class of) symplectic manifolds. Informally speaking, one can view the theory as analogous to Kirby calculus: one of its basic insights is that one can give a (non-unique) presentation of a symplectic manifold, in terms of a symplectic hypersu...