In the new millennium, the centuries-old strategy of quarantine is becoming a powerful component of the public health response to emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. During the 2003 pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome, the use of quarantine, border controls, contact tracing, and surveillance proved effective in containing the global threat in just over 3 months. For centuries...

In 2006, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service published a landmark rule providing generic radiation quarantine treatments. The rule approved radiation doses of 150 Gy for any tephritid fruit fly and 400 Gy for all other insects except the pupa and adult stages of Lepidoptera. The generic radiation treatments apply to all fresh horticultural commodities. Ther...

In the present work, survival of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on artificially infested ‘Clemenules’ clementine mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco) was assessed on fruit subjected to integrated quarantine treatments consisting of irradiation with X-rays at doses of 0 (control), 30, 54, and 164 Gy followed by exposure to 1°C for 0 (control), 3...

The development of the Port Health Service is closely linked with the roif3story of shipping and seamen. The Adriatic Republic of Ragusa first introduc system of maritime quarantine in 1377. Seafarers suspected to be suffering 1 plague were isolated for 30 days at a place "distant from the harbour". This ^ time when bubonic plague was devastating Europe. History associates Venice the 40-day per...

Despite the comparatively few cases of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) that arose outside of Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Liberia in 2014, public health response partners around the world developed a patchwork of plans and policies to monitor thousands of people exposed to EVD, quarantine suspected cases, isolate confirmed cases, and close borders to prevent further spread of the disease. Deeply affecte...

Name: Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (Jones et al.) Vauterin et al. Synonyms: Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens (Jones et al.) Dye Xanthomonas campestris pv. cerealis (Hagborg) Dye Xanthomonas campestris pv. hordei (Hagborg) Dye Xanthomonas campestris pv. secalis (Reddy et al.) Dye Xanthomonas campestris pv. undulosa (Smith et al.) Dye Taxonomic position: Bacteria: Gracilicutes Co...

This poster describes the Quarantine Activity Reporting System (QARS), a new web based,secure electronic system which enables tracking the presence of ill persons on inbound flights and vessels and at land border crossings, infectious disease threats, or actions related to imported pathogens.

The outbreak of plague at Marseilles in 1719 caused British authorities great alarm. French efforts to check the spread of the disease were uncertain of success and there was concern that commercial connexions might provide a means by which the dreaded disease could again bring devastation as in the seventeenth century. The terror plague provoked, however, might equally have been directed towar...

African horse sickness (AHS) is a severe, often fatal, arbovirus infection of horses, transmitted by Culicoides spp. midges. AHS occurs in most of sub-Saharan Africa and is a significant impediment to export of live horses from infected countries, such as South Africa. A stochastic risk model was developed to estimate the probability of exporting an undetected AHS-infected horse through a vecto...