Described by many authors, valves refer to the coronary sinus. The best known among them are Thebesius and Vieussen valves. Information about valves in the lumen of the coronary sinus, though, is rarely found in anatomic literature. Frequency of occurrence of valves in the lumen of the coronary sinus and the degree of their formation was chartered in this paper. 150 adult human hearts of both s...

Descriptions of the presence of blood vessels in the valves of human hearts vary. Using routine histological, injection, and clearing techniques, the majority of authors have described vessels in the attached portion of the cusp, but differ on the incidence of this observation and its relation to completely normal histological valve structure. Thus Gross (1921) demonstrated blood vessels in 6 p...

In this rebuttal, I will provide an empirically supported deconstruction of Dan’s primary lines of reasoning, in order to assess the validity of his underlying assumptions. My goal in presenting this counter-perspective is not to push back against Dan (in fact, I appreciate the discussion he has stimulated as a “devil’s advocate”), but rather to give fellow advisors a framework for assessing th...

A two-parameter family discrete-time exactly-solvable reaction-diffusion processes on a one-dimensional lattice is introduced, which contains the asymmetric simple exclusion process and the drop-push model as particular cases. The reaction is rewritten in terms of boundary conditions, and the conditional probabilities are calculated using the Bethe-ansatz. This is the discrete-time version of t...

This paper describes "how to" examine cardiac valves with computed tomography, the normal, diseased valves, and prosthetic valves. A review of current scientific literature is provided. Firstly, technical basics, "how to" perform and optimize a multislice CT scan and "how to" interpret valves on CT images are outlined. Then, diagnostic imaging of the entire spectrum of specific valvular disease...

conclusions this study suggested that chlorhexidine had no negative effect on the bond strengths of mta-treated dentin. results there were no statistically significant differences between all the experimental groups. the mode of bond failure was predominantly mixed for distilled water groups and cohesive for chx groups. materials and methods sixty dentin disks with a thickness of 1.5 ± 0.2 mm a...

In this study, we report on our first experience with the construction of a valve using autologous vena cava tissue for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction. Simulating the clinical situation valves were built from tubular pieces of porcine inferior vena cava placed in a PTFE tube and investigated in a pulsatile flow simulator. Based on the given vena cava dimensions, conduits were co...

We studied the function of right internal jugular vein valves during cardiac catheterization in 32 patients and external jugular vein valves in vitro from 13 dogs. Patients with normal central venous pressure had competent valves during cough-induced transvalvular pressure gradients of 52.4 +/- 8.6 mm Hg. Ten of 15 patients with elevated central venous pressure had either incompetent or absent ...

To investigate the mechanism that increases the orifice area of the mitral valve during balloon dilatation 43 surgically excised intact rheumatic mitral valves were studied. The main pathological features were (a) fibrosis of mitral valve leaflets and commissures (10 valves); (b) fibrosis with calcification of one commissure (eight anterolateral, seven posteromedial); (c) fibrosis with calcific...

At the Niigata University Hospital, various kinds of prosthetic valves such as the Starr-Edwards nonclothand cloth-covered, Bjork-Shiley tilting disc, and Carpentier-Edwards porcine valves, have been used from September, 1965 to March, 1979 for replacement of diseased valves on 176 patients. The patients with Starr-Edwards nonclothand cloth-covered ball valves showed survival rates of 90 and 84...