PURPLE was the designation given by U.S. cryptanalysts to the cipher machine used by the Japanese Foreign Office for secure communications before and during WW 2. We present the structure and internal wiring of the machine, as well as details of the keying procedures and a system of abbreviations, which was used in the messages. We have also written a computer simulation of the PURPLE machine. ...

Rhodopsin (visual purple), the photolabile chromoprotein in the retinal rod cells of most vertebrates, bleaches in the light with the release of unstable orange lipides (1) which appear to be precursors (2, 3) of vitamin A aldehyde (retinene) (4, 5). The aldehyde is ultimately reduced to vitamin A alcohol by an enzymatic process (2), which requires reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide as coenzy...

Introduction THE precise relationship which has been established between the scotopic luminosity curve a'nd visual purple (Dartnall & Goodeve, 1937; Wald, 19138) leads one to expect that the photopic luminositv curve is'similarly related to some " photopic " pigment or pigments. This latter hypothesis has given rise to considerable speculation, particularly since the evidence for the existence ...

The primary energetic processes driving the functional proton pump of bacteriorhodopsin take place in the form of complex molecular dynamic events after excitation of the retinal chromophore into the Franck-Condon state. These early events include a strong electronic polarization, skeletal stretching, and all-trans-to-13-cis isomerization upon formation of the J intermediate. The effectiveness ...

Temperature-induced changes in protein intrinsic fluorescence of native, delipidated and deionized purple membranes are investigated. It is found that the removal of cations most strongly affects the protein and its thermal stability. The denaturation of dei-BR completes at 70 degrees C, while delipidated and native BR still maintain their native structure at this temperature. Both the quantum ...

Purple urine bag syndrome is a rare disorder where the plastic urinary catheter bag and tubing turn purple. The discolouration is due to the presence of indigo and indirubin pigments which are metabolites of tryptophan. It is associated with urinary tract infection. Bacteria that produce sulphatase and phosphatase are involved in the formation of these pigments. Purple urine bag syndrome is ass...

The diversity of purple phototrophic bacteria in algae-dominated biofilm of a streambed in Tama River, Japan was investigated. Clone library analysis of the pufM gene encoding a subunit of the photochemical reaction center of purple bacteria detected 18 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in several classes of Proteobacteria. Most of the OTUs showed less than 85% identity to the PufM amino acid ...

Fall 2014 Anant Sahai Discussion 8W-S 1. Probability Space Consider the drawing of the probability space S below. Here, the blue/purple region is the set of events B, the red/purple/orange region is the set of events R, and the yellow/orange region is the set of events Y . The set of events P is the set of events in both B and R, and is represented by the purple region. The set of events O is t...