Canada is a leader in developing health promotion concepts of providing the prerequisites of health through health-promoting public policy. But Canada is clearly a laggard in implementing these concepts. In contrast, France is seen as a nation in which health promotion concepts have failed to gain much traction yet evidence exists that France does far better than Canada in providing these healt...

The public concern that immigrant families might be using a disproportionate share of social benefits and transmitting some form of public dependency to their children, combined with the rising levels of immigrants entering the country, fueled the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act in 1996, which limited public assistance to many immigrant families. T...

Street-level bureaucracy (SLB) is a sociological theory that seeks to explain the working practices and beliefs of frontline workers in public services and the ways in which they enact public policy in their routine work. Developed by an American, Michael Lipsky,1,2 it examines the workplace in terms of systematic and practical dilemmas that must be overcome by employees, with a particular focu...

The professional education of child welfare workers is an important factor in the eflectiveness of the public child welfare programs. For this reason, information on the educational background of social work employees in these programs was included in the joint study made by the Children’s Bureau and the Bureau of Public Assistance in mid-1950; the information is summarized in the following pag...

We estimate revealed willingness to pay for animal welfare using a panel mixed logit model. We utilize a unique household level panel, combining real purchases with survey data on perceived public and private good attributes of different types of eggs. We estimate willingness to pay for organic eggs controlling for trust in a positive connection between the public good animal welfare and the or...

Public health care systems in countries all over the world are confronted with increasing difficulties. The problems are mainly economic, but they also reflect difficulties of adaptation to changes both in society as a whole and within the health care services. The atmosphere of a crisis results from internal struggles within the health care system and with other welfare and social services tha...

Health care systems are important elements of western European welfare states. Earlier research indicates that public health care has always been warmly welcomed and supported by the public, even in periods of retreat of the welfare state due to retrenchment policies. Using data from 1973, Ardigó (1995) reviewed comparative evidence on the public opinion concerning health services in seven Euro...

Looking back into the history of welfare facilities for employees in an organization, they have always and will keep playing a pivotal role in enhancing employee morale. The welfare schemes in every organization facilitate impetus for employee and employer relations. Employees’ welfare is inherent core component, as they act as life blood for achieving the objectives of an organization. The mai...

In view of the distinct and seminal contributions of Pareto and Pigou to the economics of welfare, Pigou’s enduring influence in the field of public finance and Pareto’s hostility to developments in that field of study, the lack of a comparative study of their contributions is unfortunate. This study contrasts the place of ophelimity and utility and in these authors’ approaches to welfare studi...