This article reports two studies that examined the convergent and discriminant validity of the Need for Cognition Scale (Cacioppo & Petty, 1982). Using samples of college students and prison inmates, need for cognition scores were found to be positively associated with measures of self-esteem, masculine sex role attitudes, absorption, and private self-consciousness. Modest negative associations...

Identity process theory proposes that adjustment to aging can be conceptualized as involving the three processes of identity assimilation (maintaining self-consistency), identity accommodation (making changes in the self), and identity balance (maintaining a sense of self but changing when necessary). Measures of the identity processes and self-consciousness were administered to a community sam...

environmental or social and onto individual sources of disease. While episodes such as those of "Typhoid" Mary Mallon demonstrate that germ consciousness indeed led public health authorities to focus on individuals, Tomes shows that germ theory was not necessarily less politically progressive than its sanitarian forebear. Using case studies of New York City garment workers and AfricanAmerican a...