results: the findings of this mixed methods sequential explanatory study are expected to provide unique information about the health concerns of iranian adolescents and their sources of information, which to date have received little attention. conclusions: these data will provide a rich source of information that can be used by intervention programs, health professionals and policy makers in a...

aims: drug users form the main hiv-affected group in iran. about two-third of all the individuals affected by hiv in iran are those who use drug through injection. the aim of this study is to determine the effect of health belief model (hbm) on prevention of hiv transmission among the opiate-dependent population in zarandieh. methods and materials: this is a quasi-experimental intervention stud...

The onset and course of puberty are under the control of the neuroendocrine system. Factors affecting the timing and regulation of the functions of this system may alter the onset and course of puberty. Several environmental endocrine disruptors (EDs) with significant influences on the normal course of puberty have been identified. Numerous animal and human studies concerning EDs have been cond...

The predictive-adaptive response paradigm postulates that slow fetal growth advances puberty as a life-history strategy for reproductive success, when constraints on postnatal growth are minimal. The authors examined the association of birth weight for gestational age and small for gestational age (SGA) status (birth weight for gestational age <10th percentile, 6.9%) with clinically assessed ag...

Adolescence is a transitional period characterized by physical, emotional and psychic changes. Adolescence, namely the between 10-19 years, of maturation human reproductive organs which often called puberty, in puberty there are problems that faced adolescents during menstruation. According to World Health Organization (WHO) 2018 women aged 15–49 years who suffer from anemia six countries Afric...

BACKGROUND An estimated 11% of births occur preterm, and survival is improving. Early studies suggested an association between preterm birth and earlier puberty. Given the adverse outcomes associated with early puberty this could have significant public health implications. The objective of this review was to assess the timing of puberty after preterm birth. METHODS Pubmed, Embase, Popline, G...

The global development community has focused in recent decades on closing the gender gap in education, but has given insufficient attention to the specific needs of pre- and post-pubescent girls as they transition to young womanhood within the educational institution. This study explored the social context of girls' experiences of menses and schooling in northern Tanzania, with data collection ...

Mild-to-moderate alcohol use has numerous negative consequences for female reproductive function. Animal studies have shown that alcohol consumption disrupts female puberty, and drinking during this period also may affect growth and bone health. Beyond puberty, alcohol has been found to disrupt normal menstrual cycling in female humans and animals and to affect hormonal levels in postmenopausal...