Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) have been observed worldwide in both adults and children outside the context of a clinical disorder. In the current study, we investigate the prevalence and patterns of PLEs among children and adolescents in Kenya. Among 1,971 students from primary and secondary schools around Nairobi (aged 8-19), 22.1 % reported a lifetime history of a psychotic experience, an...

S100B is a protein with dose-dependent neurotrophic and neurotoxic effects. Whether S100B in psychotic disorder mirrors pathophysiological mechanisms (which elicit exacerbation of disease) or compensatory action is unclear, as is its validity as a proxy marker for brain status. Insight may be gained by examining associations between serum S100B and indices of grey (cortical thickness (CT)) and ...

Cannabis use is associated with psychosis, particularly in those with expression of, or vulnerability for, psychotic illness. The biological underpinnings of these differential associations, however, remain largely unknown. We used Positron Emission Tomography and (18)F-fallypride to test the hypothesis that genetic risk for psychosis is expressed by differential induction of dopamine release b...

One hundred fifty adolescent inpatients with major depression were systematically assessed for demographic and clinical differences between psychotic and nonpsychotic depression. Delusions and/or hallucinations were present in 10% of the subjects. The psychotic group had significantly more frequent and severe suicidal ideation. Posttraumatic stress disorder was also more frequent in the psychot...

Background High rates of non-psychotic psychopathological symptoms have been observed in clinical population at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. These comorbid disorders affected the baseline functional level of CHR patients. However, little is known about the comorbid mental disorder in CHR individuals in non-clinical adolescent population. This study aimed to investigate the comorbid m...

BACKGROUND Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity, associated with increased pituitary volume, may mediate observed alterations in stress reactivity in patients with psychotic disorder. We examined the association between pituitary volume, real-life stress reactivity and genetic liability for psychotic disorder. METHOD Pituitary volumes were derived from magnetic resonance im...

subtyping of PTSD Gaudiano & Zimmerman conclude that psychotic symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with comorbid conditions, especially major depressive disorders, and that their results therefore do not support the existence of a psychotic subtype of PTSD. However, they did not evaluate certain factors that might be responsible for misinterpretation of their result...

subtyping of PTSD Gaudiano & Zimmerman conclude that psychotic symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with comorbid conditions, especially major depressive disorders, and that their results therefore do not support the existence of a psychotic subtype of PTSD. However, they did not evaluate certain factors that might be responsible for misinterpretation of their result...

subtyping of PTSD Gaudiano & Zimmerman conclude that psychotic symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with comorbid conditions, especially major depressive disorders, and that their results therefore do not support the existence of a psychotic subtype of PTSD. However, they did not evaluate certain factors that might be responsible for misinterpretation of their result...