Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO) catalyze the oxidation of certain xenobiotics and drugs which contain a nucleophilic heteroatom. Here we report the first assessment of human brain flavin-containing monooxygenase from tissues obtained at autopsy from seven traffic accident victims. Human brain microsomes catalyzed the S-oxidation or N-oxidation of model substrates methimazole and N,N-dime...

Several psychoactive species have been used for centuries as a part of religious rituals or as medicines. These drugs are now being used recreationally by young people both because plants are considered safer than chemicals and because most of them are not illegal to use, possess, grow or distribute and cannot be detected by specific laboratory drug tests. Despite being ‘natural substances’ the...

BACKGROUND A new trend among users of new psychoactive substances' the consumption of "herbal highs": plant parts containing psychoactive substances. Most of the substances extracted from herbs, in old centuries were at the centre of religious ceremonies of ancient civilizations. Currently, these herbal products are mainly sold by internet web sites and easily obtained since some of them have n...

Introduction: psychoactive substances are chemicals that affect the nervous system and alter activity in brain. Such include alcohol other illicit drugs. This research study is aimed to determine prevalence pattern of substance use among students at a government secondary school Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

The global prohibition of psychoactive drugs has arguably caused more suffering than it could ever prevent. A recent UN report shows that it also stimulates the creativity of those who create new designer drugs and ‘legal highs’. Neuroscientists have warned, on the other hand, that drugs control stifles research that could advance our understanding of the mind and find valuable therapies for me...

The forensic and pharmaceutical, organizational legal study of the current state problem formation, development spread polydrug addiction has been carried out. scheme consistent factors formation from position pharmacy were given. Explained that simultaneous (combined, consistent, combined) use psychoactive substances different classification groups alcoholic liquids, beverages, beer, drugs, dr...

BACKGROUND Spread of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is a worldwide problem. In Japan, NPSs with psychoactive ingredients are called as "dappou drugs" or "kiken drugs." Their potential effect on the Japanese society cannot be ignored. FINDINGS We conducted an awareness survey of So-called Dappou Drugs or Kiken Drugs among the students of Ibaraki University, a national university in Japan, i...

Psychoactive substances are subject to law control, imposed through the system of medical prescription or legal prohibition, with penalties for their unauthorized use. The consumption drugs in a non-medical contexts is often labelled as "drug abuse", and substance used this way “narcotic” - term endowed illegality (Goodman et al. 2017). While legal, popular discourses attempt establish distinct...