A direct method for determining powder diffraction data at specific depths from angle-dependent diffraction data is described. The method is non-destructive and only traditional data collections, where the angle of incidence is varied, are required. These angle-dependent spectra are transformed to give diffraction data arising from different depths, which may then be exploited using any convent...

A theory is described for propagation of vortical waves across alternate rigid and compliant panels. The structure in the fluid side at the junction of panels is a highly vortical narrow viscous structure which is idealized as a wave driver. The wave driver is modelled as a ‘half source cum half sink’. The incoming wave terminates into this structure and the outgoing wave emanates from it. The ...

This paper presents an extension of the comprehensive (overall) concordance index of ELECTRE methods, which takes the interaction between criteria into account. In real-world decision-aiding situations, it is reasonable to consider only the interaction between a small number of criterion pairs. Three types of interaction have been considered: mutual strengthening, mutual weakening, and antagoni...

The differential equation in the external invariant p2 satisfied by the master integral of the general massive 2-loop 4-denominator self-mass diagram is exploited and the expansion of the master integral at p2 = 0 is obtained analytically. The system composed by this differential equation with those of the master integrals related to the general massive 2-loop sunrise diagram is numerically sol...

A generalized BL-algebra (or GBL-algebra for short) is a residuated lattice that satisfies the identities x ∧ y = ((x ∧ y)/y)y = y(y\(x∧ y)). It is shown that all finite GBL-algebras are commutative, hence they can be constructed by iterating ordinal sums and direct products of Wajsberg hoops. We also observe that the idempotents in a GBL-algebra form a subalgebra of elements that commute with ...

This paper studies the closed-loop system identification (ID) error when a dynamic integral controller is used. Pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) q-Markov covariance equivalent realization (Cover) is used to identify the closed-loop model, and the open-loop model is obtained based upon the identified closed-loop model. Accurate open-loop models were obtained using PRBS q-Markov Cover system ...

A field k is called C1 if every homogeneous form f(x0, . . . , xn) ∈ k[x0, . . . , xn] of degree ≤ n has a nontrivial zero. Examples of C1 fields are finite fields (Chevalley) and function fields of curves over an algebraically closed field (Tsen). A field is called PAC (pseudo algebraically closed) if every geometrically integral k-variety has a k-point. An k-variety X is called geometrically ...

Let b ∈ BMO(Rn) and T be the Calderón–Zygmund singular integral operator. The commutator [b,T ] generated by b and T is defined as [b,T ]( f )(x) = b(x)T ( f )(x)−T (b f )(x). By using a classical result of Coifman et al [8], we know that the commutator [b,T ] is bounded on Lp(Rn) for 1 < p < ∞. Chanillo [1] proves a similar result when T is replaced by the fractional integral operator. However...

The present paper investigates the potential application of graphene sheets with attached nanoparticles as resonant sensors by introducing a nonlocal shear deformation plate model. To take into account an elastic connection between the nanoplate and the attached nanoparticle, the nanoparticle is considered as a mass-spring system. Then, a combination of pseudo-spectral and integral quadrature m...