Most definitions of literature have been criterial definitions, definitions based on a list of criteria which all literary works must meet. However, more current theories of meaning take the view that definitions are based on prototypes: there is broad agreement about good examples that meet all of the prototypical characteristics, and other examples are related to the prototypes by family rese...

The nearest neighbor method is one of the most widely used pattern classificationmethods. However its major drawback in practice is the curse of dimensionality. In this paper we propose a new method to alleviate this problem significantly. In this method, we attempt to cover the training patterns of each class with a number of hyperspheres. The method attempts to design hyperspheres as compact ...

In our paper we focus on how design prototypes can foster communications in organizations that deal with the development of innovations. We distinguish the impact of prototypes between two different organizational levels; we first conduct the impact of prototypes at the level of organizational design teams that develop ideas and concepts for solutions. We then focus on the impact of prototypes ...

This paper deals with the task of "nding a set of prototypes from the training set. A reduced set is obtained which is used instead of the training set when nearest neighbour classi"cation is used. Prototypes are added in an incremental fashion, where at each step of the algorithm, the number of prototypes selected keeps on increasing. The number of patterns in the training data classi"ed corre...

Research consistently indicates that jurors' intuitive prototypes of insanity and case-relevant attitudes shape their verdicts more strongly than legal definitions of insanity. Based on a sample of 113 prospective jurors, this study was designed to (a) assess the extent to which three prototypes of insanity held by jurors in a past study generalize to a sample of jurors in another state and (b)...

We measure the predictive accuracy of Internet-based product concept testing that incorporates virtual prototypes of new products. The method employs a two-factor conjoint analysis of prototypes and prices to enable a design team to select the best of several new concepts within a product category. Our results indicate that virtual prototypes on the Web provide nearly the same results as physic...

Example-based explanations are widely used in the effort to improve the interpretability of highly complex distributions. However, prototypes alone are rarely sufficient to represent the gist of the complexity. In order for users to construct better mental models and understand complex data distributions, we also need criticism to explain what are not captured by prototypes. Motivated by the Ba...

This paper illustrates the use of the model, established in previous papers, enabling to construct diierent kinds of measures of comparison according to wished properties, as well as to classify the existing measures according to their properties. So, this model helps to choose (or to construct) an appropriate measure for the considered problem. This paper especially looks into the list of meas...

In this work, we propose a new technique for fast k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classification in which the original database is represented via a small set of learned binary prototypes. The training phase simultaneously learns a hash function which maps the data points to binary codes, and a set of representative binary prototypes. In the prediction phase, we first hash the query into a binary cod...

This paper describes a study of a three-dimensional virtual prototype intended for usability testing and concept validation over the internet. A virtual reality modeling language (VRML)-model of a fictive mobile phone concept with simulated interaction functionality was tested for usability following two approaches. The first group performed a traditional task-based usability test, the other pe...