background: households’ financial protection against health payments and expenditures and equity in utilization of health care services are of the most important tasks of governments. this study aims to measuring equity in household’s health care payments according to fairness in financial contribution (ffc) and kakwani indices in tehran-iran, 2013. methods: this cross-sectional study was condu...

cement dust exposure is associated with increased respiratory impairment. as the major occupational hazard in the cement production industry is cement particles, our aim was to more thoroughly examine the acute effects of occupational exposure to cement dust on the respiratory system. a cross-shift study was conducted in a cement factory in iran. 100 high exposed workers from production and pac...

BACKGROUND Restoration of degraded forest ecosystem is crucial for regional sustainable development. To protect the country's fragile and fragmented environment, the Chinese government initiated an ecological engineering project, the Natural Forest Protection Program, in seventeen provinces in China beginning in 1998. Fully hillside-closed forest protection (vegetation restoration naturally wit...

1,1-diacetates(acylals) were prepared by direct condensation of various aldehydes with acetic anhydride using dipyridine cobalt chloride (copy2cl2) as an efficient and green catalyst under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. the important features of this catalyst method are that the catalyst is solid, stable at high temperatures, soluble in water, stable in air, immiscible in common o...

Background: World Health Organization defines family planning as a way of thinking and living that is adopted voluntarily, upon the basis knowledge, attitudes responsible decisions by individuals couples, in order to promote health welfare group thus contribute effectively social development country. The objectives study were estimate contraceptive usage married females reproductive age its det...

the work exposure conditions such as dust concentration, exposure time, use of respiratory protection devices and smoking status are effective to cause pulmonary function disorder. the objective of this study was prediction of pulmonary disorders in workers exposed to silica dust using artificial neural networks and logistic regression. a sample of 117 out of 150 workers employed in the stone c...