The basic protein protamine causes a rapid hemolysis when incubated with the red blood cells of many mammalian species. The age of the cells does not affect the process. Neutralization of the active side groups of the protamine molecule with formalinization demonstrates that a specific degree of charge is necessary for hemolysis, as more than 30 per cent of the guanidine groups must remain unre...

During the elongating spermatid stage of spermiogenesis, human sperm chromatin undergoes a complex transition in which histones are extensively replaced by protamines in a carefully regulated transition including histone modifications and intermediate and temporary replacement of the histones by sperm-specific transition proteins. The replacement of most histones by protamines 1 and 2 facilitat...

abstract background: thrombosis will occur due to contact of blood with unepithelialized surfaces after vascular clamping and also blood stasis during vascular surgery. heparin is administered to prevent thrombosis. the aptt test is used for assurance of the anticoagulative effect of heparin. at the end of the operation heparin is neutralized by protamine sulfate in some centers. in this study ...

Protamine is a natural cationic peptide mixture mostly known as drug for the neutralization of heparin and compound in formulations slow-release insulin. also used cellular delivery nucleic acids due to opposite charge-driven coupling. This year marks 60 years since first use transfection enhancement agent. Since then, has been broadly stabilization agent RNA delivery. It involved several compo...

Allergic reaction to insulin preparations seemed to have decreased since the introduction of contaminant-free, human preparations. The role of protamine sulfate in decreasing the prevalence of allergy is unclear. This study examines the causative components of insulin allergy along with the value of skin tests for diagnosis. Eleven patients with insulin allergy and 53 patients receiving insulin...

OBJECTIVE Although systemic heparinisation is routine during CEA, reversal with protamine is controversial with 3 studies suggesting increased peri-operative stroke rates and 3 no effect. None included independent peer-review. DESIGN Non-randomised observational study of data derived from a randomised controlled study of anaesthetic technique for CEA. METHODS Data on heparin and protamine u...

Post-copulatory sexual selection in the form of sperm competition is known to influence the evolution of male reproductive proteins in mammals. The relationship between sperm competition and regulatory evolution, however, remains to be explored. Protamines and transition nuclear proteins are involved in the condensation of sperm chromatin and are expected to affect the shape of the sperm head. ...

An improved protamine-sensitive electrode based on a polymeric membrane doped with the charged ion exchanger dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate (DNNS) is used for monitoring heparin concentrations in whole blood. The electrode exhibits significant nonequilibrium potentiometric response to polycationic protamine over the concentration range of 0.5-20 mg/L in undiluted whole-blood samples. The sensor ca...

Protamine is routinely used to reverse heparin anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Heparin interacts with protamine to form ultralarge complexes that are immunogenic in mice. We hypothesized that patients exposed to protamine and heparin during CPB will develop antibodies (Abs) to protamine/heparin (PRT/H) complexes that are capable of platelet activation. Specimens from a rece...