Skin is the largest organ in the human body, and which protects organism against unfavorable external factors e.g., chemicals, environment pollutants, allergens, microorganisms, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining general homeostasis. It is also an important target of oxidative stress due to the activity of oxygen reactive species (ROS), which are constantly generated in the fibroblasts ...

Ascorbate is a strong antioxidant; however, it can also act as a prooxidant in vitro by reducing transition metals. To investigate the in vivo relevance of this prooxidant activity, we performed a study using guinea pigs fed high or low ascorbate doses with or without prior loading with iron dextran. Iron-loaded animals gained less weight and exhibited increased plasma beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosami...

To investigate whether the oxidative status of an 18:3(n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diet could modulate the growth of chemically induced rat mammary tumors, three independent experiments were performed. Experiments I and II examined the variation of tumor growth by addition of antioxidant (vitamin E) or a prooxidant system (sodium ascorbate/2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) to a 1...

Antioxidant and prooxidant effects of nitric oxide (NO) on lipid peroxidation in aqueous and non-aqueous media were examined. In an aqueous solution, NO did not induce peroxidation of unoxidized methyl linoleate (ML) and suppressed the radical initiator-induced oxidation of ML. NO suppressed the Fe(II) ion-induced oxidation of mouse liver microsomes. NO reduced the O2 consumption during the rad...

The aim of this work is to study the effect of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin on hepatic monooxygenase activities in experimental influenza virus infection (EIVI). EIVI causes oxidative stress in the whole organism. This is confirmed by the rapidly increased concentrations of thiobarbituric reactive substances in influenza-infected mice: lungs - 290%; blood plasma - more than 320%; liver - ...

Development of cancer cell resistance against prooxidant drugs limits its potential clinical use. MCF-7 breast cancer cells chronically exposed to ascorbate/menadione became resistant (Resox cells) by increasing mainly catalase activity. Since catalase appears as an anticancer target, the elucidation of mechanisms regulating its expression is an important issue. In MCF-7 and Resox cells, karyot...

In an attempt to determine the antioxidant/prooxidant, antibacterial/probacterial action of flavan-3-ols and procyanidins from grape seeds, pure catechin (CS), and an aqueous grape seed extract (PE), were applied in the absence and presence of pure lipoxygenase (LS) or in extract (LE) to leucocyte culture, Escherichia coli B 41 and Brevibacterium linens, and observed whether there was any effec...

The focus of the present research was to study inhibition of lipoxygenase activity by rapeseed native polyphenols and the interactions between those compounds and the enzyme. The enzyme and polyphenolic compounds (polyphenols, phenolic acids) were extracted from rapeseed (Brassica napus) varieties Aviso and PR45DO3. The total phenolic compounds concentration in tested rapeseed was 1,485-1,691 m...

D.R. Spitz et al. (eds.), Oxidative Stress in Cancer Biology and Therapy, Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice, DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-397-4_2, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 Abstract Glucose metabolism plays an important role in hydroperoxide detoxifi cation and the inhibition of glucose metabolism has been shown to increase prooxidant production and c...

Aim. This study was aimed at evaluating prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its relationship with laboratory findings and clinical manifestations. Methods. In this case-control study, 60 patients with SLE and 60 healthy individuals were enrolled. The blood samples were collected and their sera were separated. Subsequently, the prooxidant-...