The following case seems worth recording because of the unusual injury and the easy approach to the elbow joint through rather dangerous territory :? A young British officer, after a fall from a horse, had swelling of the right elbow and could not bend it fully. Stereoscopic x-rays showed that the base of the coronoid process of the ulna had been torn out and was in front of the joint. As the f...

BACKGROUND No clinical data for the relationship of pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle to distal radius had been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomical features of the PQ muscle related to plate osteosynthesis for distal radius fractures in clinical cases. The feasibility of PQ muscle sparing surgery was investigated as well. METHODS Fifty two distal radius fractures (2...

BACKGROUND While recent studies have addressed the biomechanical function of the ligamentum teres and provided descriptions of ligamentum teres reconstruction techniques, its detailed quantitative anatomy remains relatively undocumented. Moreover, there is a lack of consensus in the literature regarding the number and morphology of the acetabular attachments of the ligamentum teres. PURPOSE T...

Advances in hip arthroscopy have renewed interest in the ligamentum teres. Considered by many to be a developmental vestige, it is now recognised as a significant potential source of pain and mechanical symptoms arising from the hip joint. Despite improvements in imaging, arthroscopy remains the optimum method of diagnosing lesions of the ligamentum teres. Several biological or mechanical roles...

Variations in arterial anatomy are less frequent, contrary to the venous system, and most of these variations affect visceral arteries. Variations in the brachial artery are the most frequently reported and so far a minimum of six different patterns have been described. The most common of these patterns is the superficial brachial artery, which lies superficially to the medi...

Pyrenophora teres f. sp. teres is the cause of net form of net blotch (NFNB), an economically important foliar disease in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Net and spot forms of net blotch are widely controlled using site-specific systemic fungicides. Although resistance to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors and quinone outside inhibitors has been addressed before in net blotches, mechanisms controllin...

Net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres Drechs. (anamorph: Drechslera teres (Sacc.) Shoemaker), is a prominent foliar disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. emend. Bowden) in Western Australia (19,46), as well as elsewhere in the world (13,28,31,34,39,41). Two types of leaf symptoms are associated with the net blotch disease: the net type, caused by P. teres f. teres, which causes horizontal and...

PURPOSE To determine whether transfer to only the anterior branch of the axillary nerve will restore useful function after axillary nerve injury with persistent posterior deltoid and teres minor paralysis. METHODS We used a computational musculoskeletal model of the upper limb to determine the relative contributions of posterior deltoid and teres minor to maximum joint moment generated during...