hydrocarbons are ubiquitous in daily life and include plant and animal fats, alcohols, solvents, natural gas, petroleum derivates. majority of intoxication reports of hydrocarbons are due to inhalation or ingestion, but there is few reports about intravenous injection of gasoline. we report a 58 year-old man who injected gasoline intravenously for suicide. he developed soft tissue necrosis of f...

background: confrontation with the consequences of diabetes causes a crisis in physical, mental, and spiritual dimensions. sometimes the spiritual crisis can be tremendous. since spiritual health coordinates different aspects of human life, this study aimed to identify the spiritual health of patients with defects caused by diabetes. materials and methods: this was a qualitative-phenomenologica...

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common life-shortening, hereditary disease in whites, manifests itself principally in childhood. Patients presenting with CF as adults appear to be different when compared to patients diagnosed with CF during childhood. Often these patients have been previously diagnosed with asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema. We present a case of a woman diagnosed with CF a...

❏ Diagnostic algorithm for patients with chronic productive cough outlined. A chronic 'productive' or 'wet' cough is a common presenting complaint for patients attending the adult respiratory clinic. Most reviews and guidelines suggest that the causes of a productive cough are the same as those of a non-productive cough and as such the same diagnostic pathway should be followed. Although it see...

To successfully colonize and persist within a host niche, bacteria must properly regulate their gene expression profiles. The marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri establishes a mutualistic symbiosis within the light organ of the Hawaiian squid, Euprymna scolopes. Here, we show that the repressor NagC of V. fischeri directly regulates several chitin- and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-utilization genes that...

Marfan syndrome is a connective tissue disorder with ocular, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular manifestations that are caused by mutations in fibrillin-1, the major constituent of extracellular microfibrils. Mouse models of Marfan syndrome have revealed that fibrillin-1 mutations perturb local TGFbeta signaling, in addition to impairing tissue integrity. This discovery has led to the identific...

The skeleton as an organ is widely distributed throughout the entire vertebrate body. Wnt signaling has emerged to play major roles in almost all aspects of skeletal development and homeostasis. Because abnormal Wnt signaling causes various human skeletal diseases, Wnt signaling has become a focal point of intensive studies in skeletal development and disease. As a result, promising effective t...