Aims: In most countries, the spread of HIV and hepatitis C in prisons is clearly driven by injecting drug use with many infected prisoners who are unaware of their infection status. Despite many studies confirming the facts about risk behaviour and the prison setting as a risk environment for maintaining or taking up of risk behaviour, little progress has been made around effective and efficien...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the facilities for inpatient care of mentally disordered people in prison. DESIGN Semistructured inspections conducted by doctor and nurse. Expected standards were based on healthcare quality standards published by the Prison Service or the NHS. SETTING 13 prisons with inpatient beds in England and Wales subject to the prison inspectorate's routine inspection progra...

PURPOSE This paper aims to discuss some of the obstacles to implementing policy and strategy related to health promoting prisons. It focuses on the role of prison officers and raises issues concerning their conditions of service, training and organisational culture in a situation where the prison system faces security issues, overcrowding and high levels of ill health among prisoners. DESIGN/...

Some of the complexity of the correctional system is due to our system of government. Correctional programs and facilities can be found at the federal, state, and local levels of government. For example, the Federal Bureau of Prisons — part of the U.S. Justice Department — operates prisons at the federal level. Federal probation is operated by the federal courts. Every state operates a prison s...

BACKGROUND HIV incidence in Central Asia is rising rapidly. People who inject drugs (PWIDs) contribute greatest to the epidemic, with more than a quarter of all HIV cases being in the criminal justice system (CJS). This review assembled and aggregated recent data on drug-related health problems and respective healthcare services in the CJS of Central Asia and the Republic of Azerbaijan. METHO...

BACKGROUND In the United Kingdom (UK), there is an extensive market for the class 'A' drug heroin. Many heroin users spend time in prison. People addicted to heroin often require prescribed medication when attempting to cease their drug use. The most commonly used detoxification agents in UK prisons are buprenorphine, dihydrocodeine and methadone. However, national guidelines do not state a det...

INTRODUCTION Penitentiary Nursing has experienced during the last decades a deep transformation similar to that experienced by the rest of the Nursing. However, there is a great distance from the protective legislation. OBJECTIVE To analyze the main legal documents which regulate the functions of Penitentiary Nursing and to compare it with the health care reality of nurses in Spanish prisons....

Almost 10 years ago, attention was drawn to the many pitfalls involved in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in prison settings, based on field experience from the ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross) (Coninx et al., 1995). Since that time, the ICRC has continued working in the field of TB in prisons, either directly or by supporting the local programmes in different countries. Furth...

Globally, over 10 million people are held in prisons and other places of detention at any given time. People who inject drugs (PWID) comprise 10-48% of male and 30-60% of female prisoners. The spread of hepatitis C in prisons is clearly driven by injection drug use, with many infected prisoners unaware of their infection status. Risk behaviour for acquisition of hepatitis C via common use of in...

INTRODUCTION The status of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among incarcerated populations in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and the links between prisons and the HIV epidemic are poorly understood. This review synthesized available HIV and HCV data in prisons in MENA and highlighted opportunities for action. METHODS The review was based on data generated through the system...