Affected by factors such as cost, the financial constraints faced supply chain are becoming more and severe. This paper constructs a financing pricing decision-making model for construction under capital constraints, uses Stackelberg game theory to analyze obtain best strategy internal external modes. The study found that when centralized is adopted, there profit distribution makes profits obta...

This paper examines an integrated decision-making process regarding pricing for uncertain demand and sourcing from uncertain supply, which are often studied separately in the literature. Our analysis of the integrated system suggests that the base stock list price policy fails to achieve optimality even under deterministic demand. Instead, the optimal policy is characterized by two critical val...

Transport models adopt simplified descriptions of travel behaviour and are used to make forecasts when evaluating transport policy measures (e.g. road pricing, traffic management, and traffic information). This research investigates travel choice behaviour on roads and aims to (i) improve our fundamental understanding of decision processes between interacting agents (drivers), with a final goal...

Carbon emission trade is one of the most common carbon emission regulation policies, manufactures must take measures to cope with this new situation. This paper dedicated to design a decision support system (DSS) based on our proposed model. We examined the manufacture’s joint emission reduction effort and pricing decisions with carbon emission trade. We formulate this problem as a stackelberg ...

• Incorporation of price risk into decision making process is fundamentally important. Both historical price information and projected future price come into play. Due to the usual lengthy gap between planning and harvest, expected price is the dominant factor. Given that many agricultural commodities are represented in the future and option markets, it is a common practice to infer the collect...