Objective: Coxiella burnetii and -like endosymbionts (CLEs) have been widely discovered in various ticks, animals, even human beings. To estimate the possible origin of C. its relatives CLEs, prevalence CLEs has intensively surveyed all over world. Method: In present study, infection host-seeking Haemaphysalis concinna was performed with meta-transcript analysis tick specimens harvested from Mu...

The gram-positive facultative intracellular food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is associated with serious invasive infections in humans and animals (10). To establish a foodborne bacterial infection, a pathogen must survive rapidly changing environmental conditions encountered in the gastrointestinal tract, such as exposure to bile salts, organic acids, and changing osmolarity. Survival...