Vaginal constriction might be important for reproduction in mammals, but existing information is both limited and controversial. This paper shows the structure, mechanical properties, innervation and reflex response of a striated sphincter in the vestibule of the cat vagina. A Foley catheter coupled to a pressure transducer detected in the lumen of the vestibule a pressure wave that was induced...

Internal waves occur at a variety of temporal and spatial scales and are mechanisms by which momentum, energy, nutrients and biota are transported in lakes, estuaries and coastal oceans. In stratified systems, accurate prediction of water quality effects requires modeling internal wave evolution and propagation. Lake, estuary, and coastal ocean models typically apply the hydrostatic approximati...

Noninvasive evaluation of brachial artery diameter (pulsed Doppler velocimetry) and pulse wave velocity (strain gauge mechanography) was performed in 23 normal subjects and 49 patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension. Pulsatile arterial function was described in terms of derived characteristic impedance and arterial compliance. Compared with normal controls, hypertensive patients had ...

Increased arterial stiffness is associated with higher levels of aortic wave reflection and aortic blood pressure. Recent evidence suggests a link between muscle sympathetic nerve activity and indices of arterial stiffness. Therefore, the aims of this study were to examine the relationship between resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity and characteristics of aortic pressure wave reflection a...

Theoretical understanding of the growth of wind-driven surface water waves has been based on two distinct mechanisms: growth due to random atmospheric pressure fluctuations unrelated to wave amplitude and growth due to wave coherent atmospheric pressure fluctuations proportional to wave amplitude. Wave-independent random pressure forcing produces wave growth linear in time, while coherent forci...

Problems of measuring pulse wave velocity and its utilization in diagnostics have been examined for many years. Pulse wave velocity is a quantity that can be measured non-invasively, and it may bring much information about the state of circulatory system. The R-wave of electrocardiogram (ECG) is most frequently used as the reference point for measuring the pulse wave velocity but it can also be...

The effects of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) on the dark-adapted standing potential (SP), b- and c-waves of the electroretinogram (ERG) and choroidal PO2 of the intact cat eye were studied. During pressure elevation the SP increased, c-wave amplitude increased and the b-wave decreased, with the SP and c-wave being considerably more sensitive to pressure elevation. Inspiration of 100% O2 r...

The mechanism of vibration energy transfer in a vibrating fluidized bed (VFB) is reported in this paper. A series of sensors was employed to simultaneously detect pressure wave propagation signals at different positions at various heights in the fluidized bed. The mechanism of vibration energy transfer in an VFB is found by wave propagation. The pressure wave was produced from a vibrating base ...

An early return of reflected waves, the backward propagation of the arterial pressure wave from the periphery to the heart, is associated with the augmentation of central pulse pressure and cardiovascular risks. The locations of arterial pressure wave reflection, along with arterial stiffening, have a major influence on the timing of the reflected wave. To determine the influence of aging on th...

The water wave generation by wave paddle and a freely falling rigid body are examined by using an Incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (ISPH). In the current ISPH method, the pressure was evaluated by solving pressure Poisson equation using a semi-implicit algorithm based on the projection scheme and the source term of pressure Poisson equation contains both of divergence free velocit...