introduction: pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines   such as mcp-1 and il6 can activate microglial cells that has found in some neuro-inflammatory disorders. hypoxia activates cerebral endothelial cells to release these pro-inflammatory mediators. we aimed to investigate the anti-hypoxic effects of different doses of some gabaergic agents. materials and methods: we randomly divided 150 mic...

Abstract Background To investigate the effects of chronic intrauterine hypoxia on insulin resistance, hypertension, and correlation between them in adult offspring rats. Methods A total 25 pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 prenatal (H) groups (10% ± 1% oxygen) a control group (21% oxygen). The H divided whole (1–21 day), early (1–7 mid (8–14 late (15–21 day) gestational...

Background: Asthma during pregnancy is a trigger factor for complications in pregnancy. chronic disease of the respiratory tract which can cause including risk asthma offspring, abortion, fetal death, and hypoxia. Psychological factors are often found to be pregnancy, such as stress continues with anxiety depression. In addition, prenatal period also associated later babies. Objective: To under...

Objective(s): Impairment of nerve cells of brain induced by hypoxia results in energy-deprivation and dysfunction, which accompanies with neurons apoptosis. Improving function of nerve cells is important for treating cerebral anoxia. This study aimed to investigate the role of Quercetin (Quer) in hypoxia-induced injury of pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. Materials and Methods: PC-12 cells were c...

The role of the striatal adenylyl cyclase (AC) and cholinergic systems in the learning and expression of new forepaw movements (reaching with prolonged pushing on a fixed piston) was studied in male Wistar rats. Motor learning processes, prenatal hypoxia, and cholinergic drugs changed the properties of the AC system in the striatum. After learning, the striatal basal AC activity was decreased c...

From a review of published literature on developmental responses to high altitude, three major conclusions are derived. First, the small birth weight of high altitude native populations are adaptive responses to reduce the oxygen requirements, while the relative increase in the placental weight is a compromise mechanism to increase the volume and surface area €or a better oxygenation. Second, t...