Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is considered as a model of neuro-developmental cognitive function. ADHD research previously studied mainly males. A major biological distinction between the genders is the presence of a menstrual cycle, which is associated with variations in sex steroid hormone levels. There is a growing body of literature showing that sex hormones have the abili...

After advanced age, female sex is the major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The biological mechanisms underlying the increased AD risk in women remain largely undetermined. Preclinical studies identified the perimenopause to menopause transition, a neuroendocrine transition state unique to the female, as a sex-specific risk factor for AD. In animals, estrogenic regulation of cerebral ...

Osteoporosis is a major health problem. Little is known about the risk factors in premenopause. Sixty 40-50-year old patients with regular menses were studied cross-sectionally. None of the patients were on drugs known to interfere with bone mass. Patients answered a dietary inquiry and had their bone mineral density (BMD) measured. The Z scores were used for the comparisons. A blood sample was...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a harmful cardiovascular risk profile accelerates menopause. BACKGROUND Women with an early menopause are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Although increased cardiovascular risk has been proposed as consequence of menopause, the alternative hypothesis, that increased premenopausal cardiovascular risk promotes early...

BACKGROUND Measurement of bone mineral density is the most common method of diagnosing and assessing osteoporosis. We sought to estimate the average rate of change in bone mineral density as a function of age among Canadians aged 25-85, stratified by sex and use of antiresorptive agents. METHODS We examined a longitudinal cohort of 9423 participants. We measured the bone mineral density in th...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of ovarian granulosa cell tumors. METHODS Medical records of 113 patients presenting between January 1995 and December 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS One-hundred two patients had adult type disease, with a mean age of 46.2 years (range, 18 to 83 years) and a mean follow-up period of 54.7 months (...

CONTEXT Hyperthyroidism can lead to reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk particularly in postmenopausal women, but the mechanism behind is still unclear. OBJECTIVE Prospective examination of the influence of thyroid hormones and/or thyroid autoantibodies on BMD in premenopause. DESIGN We have examined 32 premenopausal women with untreated active Graves' disease fro...

Recent reviews reach conflicting conclusions on breast cancer risk after spontaneous or induced abortion. E3N is a large-scale cohort study collecting detailed information on environmental and reproductive factors. We investigated the relation between breast cancer and a history of induced and/or spontaneous abortion, using the data from the 100,000 women aged 40-65 at entrance in 1990. Among t...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify the potential relationships between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25OHD(3)), C-reactive protein (CRP), coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA), and coronary artery remodeling in monkeys consuming atherogenic diets. METHODS Female cynomolgus monkeys (n = 74) were fed a casein-lactalbumin (C/L)-based, moderately atherogenic diet for 12 months. They...

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and tumour-associated antigen (TAA) levels are associated with inflammatory processes, but little remains known about TAA levels and bone mineral density (BMD). AIMS We determined whether or not high-normal TAA levels are associated with a lower BMD in healthy women. METHODS A total of 3769 healthy women were enrolled from the health screening programme over 5 years....