Glaucoma is an eye disease that the second leading cause of blindness. Examination glaucoma by ophthalmologist usually done observing retinal image directly. Observations from one doctor to another may differ, depending on their educational background, experience, and psychological condition. Therefore, a detection system based digital processing needed. The or classification with strongly infl...

Frequency histograms are ubiquitous, being practically used in any field of science. In this paper, we present a partial order for frequency and, to our knowledge, no kind has been yet defined. This is based on the stochastic discrete probability distributions and it invariance properties that make unique. First, model histogram as sequence bins associated with (or relative frequency) distribut...

We describe a method that considerably improves the computational behaviour of H.264 Intra-only encoders. Such Intra-only encoders come to use in video-cutting and low-latency video coding where temporal prediction via using Inter-frames is no feasible option. We identify the spatial prediction step as the computational bottleneck in Intraonly encoders. In this step, the encoder tests various m...

Intra-prediction is a widely used technique in intra coding. H.264/AVC adopts rate-distortion optimization (RDO) technique to obtain the best intra prediction, while maximizing visual quality and minimizing the required bit rate. However, the RDO reduces the encoding speed via the exhaustive evaluation of all candidate modes. In this paper, we decrease the encoding time by reducing the number o...

We introduce the M-Modes problem for graphical models: predicting the M label configurations of highest probability that are at the same time local maxima of the probability landscape. M-Modes have multiple possible applications: because they are intrinsically diverse, they provide a principled alternative to non-maximum suppression techniques for structured prediction, they can act as codebook...

Intra prediction is a fundamental prediction type in blockbased video coding, which has been adopted by the most recent finalized standard H.264/AVC. H.264/AVC has specified several intra prediction modes that predict the current block through surrounding spatial neighboring pixels in a causal window along various directions. In this paper, we investigate the use of linear prediction for intra ...

-A new hybrid method is presented that combines the scale space filter (SSF) and Markov random field (MRF) for color image segmentation. The fundamental idea of the SSF is to use the convolution of Gaussian functions and image-histogram to generate a scale space image and then find the proper interval bounded by the local extrema of the derivatives. The Gaussian function is with zero mean and v...

Q is an unmanned ground vehicle designed to compete in the Autonomous and Navigation Challenges of the AUVSI Intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC). Built on a base platform of a modified PerMobil Trax off-road wheel chair frame, and running off a Dell Inspiron D820 laptop with an Intel t7400 Core 2 Duo Processor, Q gathers information from a SICK laser range finder (LRF), video cameras,...

Colour can provide effective graphic features for tracking non rigid objects in real-time. However the colour of an object can vary over time dependent on the illumination, the visual angle to handle these appearance change a colour based target model must be adapted during temporally stable image observation. The proposed method of this dissertation gives new observation likelihood model with ...