Precis: Three general elections were held for the Northern Ireland Parliament during the 1920s. The 1921 and 1925 elections were contested using proportional representation, whereas the 1929 elec­ tions used the "first-past-the-post system". This paper analyses how the change in the electoral system reversed the trend towards political plurality reflected in the 1925 election results, and facil...

Circumpolar boreal forests contain one half of the terrestrial carbon stores, and have been shown to be susceptible to climate change. As climate regimes shift, the total biomass and species composition may change in ways that may promote further warming on the regional level through atmosphere-vegetation feedbacks. The purpose of this project is to develop a spatially explicit model for simula...

One of the potentially greatest threats to human beings is climate change. Climate scenario modelling indicates that our environmental conditions will change with increasing speed in the coming years with one of the most significant changes being a warming of the global climate. Europe is maybe the most sensitive region of the world and it is not known whether we will experience regional coolin...

Temperature extremes can cause disastrous impacts on ecological and social economic systems. China is very sensitive to climate change, as its warming rate exceeds that of the global mean level. This paper focused on the spatial and temporal changes of the temperature extremes characterized by the 95th percentile of maximum temperature (TX95), the 5th percentile of the minimum temperature (TN5)...

A thermodynamically interactive ice shelf cavity parameterization is coupled to the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS) and is applied to the Southern Ocean domain with enhanced resolution in the Weddell Sea. This implementation is tested in order to assess its degree of improvement to the hydrography (and circulation) of the Weddell Sea. Results show that the inclusion of ice shelf cavities in ...

this research was conducted to investigation organizational climate role in entrepreneurial r&d; in agricultural technology management that was implemented as a correlation research by using casual model. statistical population of the study was consisted of 2768 agricultural research experts in iran, one out of each six regional groups of provinces was randomly selected and 320 researchers were...

A climate version of the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) is used to simulate snow-related land-atmosphere interactions in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain regions of the United States. The availability of observed snow-distribution products allow snow-water-equivalent distribution data to be assimilated directly into the RAMS simulations. By performing two kinds of model integrat...

This paper assesses the economic impacts of the Swiss climate policy formulated under the Kyoto Protocol; the impacts on the carbon price, the welfare cost, and trade effects are examined. Our analysis is based on a multi-sectoral and multi-regional, computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the world economy (GEMINI-E3) which includes a representation of the Swiss economy. The model is use...