toxicity and oviposition deterrent activities of ethereal extracts of exocarp and kernel of ginkgo biloba seed were evaluated on various life stages of two spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae. petroleum ether was used for extraction. bioassay was conducted using three replicates for testing five concentrations 35, 45, 60, 75 and 100 g/l of pure extracts. lc50 was measured by pri-probit soft...

Adult aphid predators disperse across the landscape seasonally in search of prey aggregations that are patchily distributed and temporally variable. However, flight is energetically costly consumes resources could be invested reproduction. Hippodamia convergens an important predator North American cereal crops other agricultural systems. Consumption floral can enhance adult survival during peri...

life table gives the most comprehensive explanation of the survivorship, development, and reproduction of a population. the life table parameters of an aphidophagous midge, aphidoletes aphidimyza were studied on different densities (5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80) of third instar nymphs of aphis gossypii as prey in a growth chamber (25 ± 1 °c, 70 ± 5% rh and a photoperiod of 16l: 8d h). the pre-oviposit...

Climate warming is expected to increase the exposure of insects to hot events (involving a few hours at extreme high temperatures). These events are unlikely to cause widespread mortality but may modify population dynamics via impacting life history traits such as adult fecundity and egg hatching. These effects and their potential impact on population predictions are still largely unknown. In t...

The current study investigated the impacts of temperature on the development and reproductivity of the sweet potato leaf folder, Brachmia macroscopa (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in sweet potato leaves under laboratory conditions. We determined developmental time of B. macroscopa larval, pupal, and pre-adult stage at different temperatures. Male and female longevity, male and female lifespan, mor...

Several feeding regimens are applied to improve performance of fertile egg production during times of heat stress. During a period of heat stress (34 to 36 degrees C), two feeding periods were used to measure the impact of feeding time on reproductive performance of Japanese quail (Coturnix cotunix japonica) between 44 and 60 wk of age. Each feeding time treatment had 25 individually caged male...

The literature covering the biology, invasion chronology, host plant responses, and control efforts of armored scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi (Hempitera: Diaspididae) is reviewed. small size this cycad pest complex surface morphology organs combine to make visual detection every cryptic infestation difficult or impossible achieve. international movement Cycas revoluta Thunb. nursery plants ...