Ventilation is a crucial motor activity that provides organisms with an adequate circulation of respiratory gases. For animals that exist in harsh environments, an important goal is to protect ventilation under extreme conditions. Heat shock, anoxia, and cold shock are environmental stresses that have previously been shown to trigger protective responses. We used the locust to examine stress-in...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is used to pre-cool the epidermis during dermatological laser procedures such as treatment of port wine stain (PWS) birthmarks, hair removal, and non-ablative photorejuvenation. Thus far, heat transfer studies related to CSC optimization have assumed a flat surface but clinical observation suggests that human skin indents due to the force of...

Little is known about adaptive within-species variation in thermotolerance in wild plants despite its likely role in both functional adaptation at range limits and in predicting response to climate change. Heat shock protein Hsp101, rapidly heat induced in Arabidopsis thaliana, plays a central role in thermotolerance in laboratory studies, yet little is known about variation in its expression i...

Stress-induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) effectively protects cells against apoptosis, although the anti-apoptotic mechanism is still undefined. Exposure of human melanocytes to heat and subsequent UVB irradiation increased the level of Hsp70 and pre-heating reduced UVB induced apoptosis. Immunofluorescence staining of Hsp70 in combination with staining of lysosomes (Lamp2) or mitochondria ...

introduction: fearless removal of tooth structure during canal preparation and shaping has negative effects on the prognosis of treatment. on the other hand, sufficient pre-enlargement facilitates exact measurement of the apical size. the present in vitro study aimed to compare the efficacy of gates-glidden drills, k3, protaper, flexmaster and race instruments in dentin removal during coronal f...

BACKGROUND Myoblast sheet transplantation is a promising novel treatment for ischemic heart failure. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that heat shock (HS) pre-treatment affects the angiogenic properties of myoblast sheets in vivo and in vitro. MATERIAL/METHODS We studied HS preconditioning of L6 myoblast sheets in relation to their apoptosis, proliferation, and vascular endoth...

reactive powder concrete (rpc) is an ultra high performance concrete which has superior mechanical and physical properties. the rpc is composed of cement and very fine powders such as crushed quartz (100–600 μm) and silica fume with very low water/binder ratio (w/b) (less than 0.20) and super plasticizer (sp). the rpc has a very high compressive and tensile strength with better durability prope...

Structural steels with very high strength levels are often referred to as ultrahigh-strength steels (UHSS). The usage of UHSS has been extensively studied in aerospace industries and offshore platforms. In this study, medium carbon low alloy steel (AMS6305) was thermomechanicaly treated to obtain an ultra-high strength bainitic steel for aircraft engine compressor disk. A novel themomechanical ...

Our NEWS 2015 shared task submission is a PBSMT based transliteration system with the following corpus preprocessing enhancements: (i) addition of wordboundary markers, and (ii) languageindependent, overlapping character segmentation. We show that the addition of word-boundary markers improves transliteration accuracy substantially, whereas our overlapping segmentation shows promise in our prel...