Objective To compare the performance of two new approaches to risk adjustment that are free of the influence of observational intensity with methods that depend on diagnoses listed in administrative databases. Setting Administrative data from the US Medicare program for services provided in 2007 among 306 US hospital referral regions. Design Cross sectional analysis. Participants 20% sample of ...

John F. Cogan Poverty statistics are the primary indicator of living conditions among people at the economic spectrum's lower end. These data are among the most important and the most politically sensitive data published by the U.S. government. That the method used to measure poverty has remained unchanged since its inception, despite well-recognized conceptual and methodological problems, is t...

This paper presents and compares two threshold approaches to measuring the fairness of health care payments, one requiring that payments do not exceed a pre-specified proportion of pre-payment income, the other that they do not drive households into poverty. We develop indices for 'catastrophe' that capture the intensity of catastrophe as well as its incidence and also allow the analyst to capt...

In a search for aetiological processes which might explain the association of stomach cancer with poverty, we have related mortality from the disease in the local authority areas of England and Wales during 1968-78 to indices of living standards derived from the 1971, 1951 and 1931 censuses. We have also analysed recently released data from a national survey of overcrowding carried out in 1936....

BACKGROUND There is a global concern regarding how households could be protected from relatively large healthcare payments which are a major limitation to accessing healthcare. Such payments also endanger the welfare of households with the potential of moving households into extreme impoverishment. This paper examines the impoverishing effects of out-of-pocket (OOP) healthcare payments in Ghana...

of Project The proposed research will examine the nexus between consumption/income poverty, malnutrition and health status in India. Also examined will be the nutritional impact of anti-poverty programs such as the Food for Work Program, the IRDP and the Public Distribution System (PDS). The results of this research would, therefore, have significant policy implications for the design and targe...

This study used 510 representative households to profile the poverty status of rural farming households in North Central Nigeria based on gender of the household heads. The Foster, Greer and Thorbecke class of weighted poverty indices as well as social indicators were used as analytical tools. The results of the study showed that the female-headed households were disadvantaged on all counts wit...

Introduction of Human Development Index (HDI) by UNDP in early 1990 followed a surge in use of non-parametric and parametric indices for measurement and comparison of countries performance in development, globalization, competition, well-being and etc. The HDI is a composite index of three indicators. Its components are to reflect three major dimensions of human development: longevity, knowledg...