Due to the deregulation trend in electric power system networks, many factors have to be taken into consideration such as lack of supplying electric power, system reliability, power quality, electric system losses and voltage disturbance and profile problems. The excessive growing needs for electricity force electrical researchers to implement new approaches through the electric system. Introdu...

in this paper optimal torque control (otc) of stand-alone variable-speed small-scale wind turbine equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a switch- mode rectifier is presented. it is shown that with otc method in standalone configuration, power coefficient could be reached to its maximum possible value, i.e. 0.48. an appropriate control algorithm based on turbine characterist...

in this paper optimal torque control (otc) of stand-alone variable-speed small-scale wind turbine equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a switch- mode rectifier is presented. it is shown that with otc method in standalone configuration, power coefficient could be reached to its maximum possible value, i.e. 0.48. an appropriate control algorithm based on turbine characterist...

This paper proposes a new model for multi-area dynamic economic dispatch (MA-DED) problem, taking into account hydro-thermal generating units, wind power generation and power pool market, for supplying the overall demand of the system for a given horizon. The uncertainties in wind power generations, energy prices and demand of the system are also modeled to make the proposed approach more pract...

This paper proposes a vector controlled isolated source cascaded two-level inverter (CTLI), for grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system. The system is controlled to operate with variable solar irradiance, supplying different levels of active power. The PV systems are designed, modeled and tested with the proposed controller, to provide maximum power output. Additional operation as a reactive po...

This article reviews literature on competitiveness of agricultural product and input markets. Although researchers in the United States and Europe emphasize different stages of the agricultural and food marketing system, their focus is similar: extent of buyer power, although both have largely ignored the sector supplying inputs to agriculture. The key conclusion is that there is little robust ...

In this study, for the loads supplied by three thermic plants, power of thermic plants, supplying the minimum values of the cost of energy used for an hour, have been found with Simulated Annealing (SA) which is a metaheuristic optimasition method. Firstly solution have been found with classical Lagrange Method. Later solution have also been found with SA algorithm. Solutions found with two dif...