splenic rupture during pregnancy is considered a catastrophic condition associated with high maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. herein, we report a case of severe preeclampsia that underwent cesarean delivery with subsequent spontaneous splenic rupture. a 21-year-old primigravid woman was transferred to our center due to severe preeclampsia that underwent cesarean delivery because of u...

introduction: apgar score evaluation is a common method to evaluate physiological changes of newborns and can help to predict the neonatal life chance. this study was conducted to determine the apgar score of newborns with two methods of vaginal delivery and spinal anesthesia and its relationship with the associated factors in gorgan health care facility. materials and methods: a cross-sectiona...

this review presents a brief outline of our current knowledge of the structure and chemical composition of the outer membrane vesicles (omvs), originating from the surface of gram negative bacteria including their outer membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharides. moreover, the functional roles and applications of omvs in medical research such as omv-based vaccines, omv adjuvants properties, omv ...

background: in many sub-saharan african countries the rate of antenatal care (anc) has been increased but skilled birth attendance rate is still low. the objective of this study was to evaluate the reasons why women prefer home delivery when facility based delivery is available at minimal cost. methods: this study was conducted in northwest nigeria using a qualitative method (phenomenology) amo...

intravitreal injection is the most common approach for drug delivery to the posterior segment in humans. however, following the injection, drugs are rapidly eliminated from the vitreous, with half-lives up to a few days. depending on the rate of clearance from the vitreous, large boluses and frequent administrations may be required to ensure therapeutic levels over an extended period of time. m...

objective (s): transdermal preparations for testosterone are becoming popular because of their unique advantages such as avoidance of first-pass effect, convenience, improved bioavailability, and reduction of systemic side effects. a novel testosterone transdermal delivery system (tdds) was developed using a palm oil base called hamintm (a commercial product) and tested using in vitro and in vi...

objective(s): in this research, zeolite x and zeolite y were used as vehicle to prepare intestine targeted oral delivery systems of indomethacin and ibuprofen. materials and methods: a soaking procedure was implemented to encapsulate indomethacin or ibuprofen within synthetic zeolites. gravimetric methods and ir spectra of prepared formulations were used to assess drug loading efficiencies into...

background: except in emergency cases, all patients should be seen first by a primary healthcare physician who decides whether a referral to secondary care is necessary. the present study examined the reasons for patient self-referral to specialists. methods: a random sample of 1036 individuals was selected from people attending public outpatient clinics and specialists’ offices in the private ...

background: consumer satisfaction is recognized as an important parameter for assessing the quality of patient care services. materials and methods: by using quota sampling method and questionnaire device, 392 mothers were selected who had been hospitalized for cesarean section in the public and private hospitals of tabriz. statistical package for social sciences (spss) version 13, descriptive ...

There are two implanted heart failure warning systems incorporated into biventricular pacemakers/automatic implantable cardiac defibrillators and tested in clinical trials: right heart pressures, and lung conductance measurements. However, both warning systems postdate measures of the earliest indicator of impending heart failure: left ventricular (LV) volume. There are currently no proposed im...