background & aim: glycyrrhiza l. (fabaceae) consists of perennial herbs grow in sandy soils with hard lightness. three species of the genus grow in iran, among them g. glabra l. has the widest distribution. it is well known in english as licorice and the root extract includes flavonoids and glycyrrhizin are used widely in medicine, food industry, tobacco products and other industries. liqui...

Fresh-cut produce are quite popular among consumers due to their eating ease, high quality and functional content. However, some of the processing steps taking place during minimal (such as cutting, peeling, draining, etc.) might speed up decay, e.g., microbial growth, dehydration or browning. When it comes latter, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) plays an important role, being center many works focuse...

There are evidences showing that adverse impacts of aluminum (Al) on plants growth and development are associated with its effect on plasma membrane and cell wall. Influence of Al on peroxidation of membrane lipids, wall-bound phenolics, lignin, soluble phenolics and the activity of certain enzymes involved in metabolism of phenols, i.e., phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase...

Seasonal changes in the total phenolic content, flavonoid content, specific activity of the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and that of the antioxidative enzymes-catalase (CAT) and peroxidases (POX) were analyzed in three leafy liverworts, namely Solenostoma crenulata, Chiloscyphus gollani and Fossombronia himalayensis. In the rainy season (July–September), the plants were in their young juveni...

The plastid organelle comprises a high proportion of nucleus-encoded proteins that were acquired from different prokaryotic donors via independent horizontal gene transfers following its primary endosymbiotic origin. What forces drove the targeting of these alien proteins to the plastid remains an unresolved evolutionary question. To better understand this process we screened for suitable candi...

A 1670 bp 5'-flanking region of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) gene was isolated from red Swiss chard, a betalain-producing plant. This region, named promoter BvcPPOP, and its 5'-truncated versions were fused with the GUS gene and introduced into Arabidopsis, an anthocyanins-producing plant. GUS histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of transgenic plants at the vegetative and reproducti...

Plant contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is crucial to food safety and human health. Enzyme inhibitors are commonly utilized in agriculture to control plant metabolism of organic components. This study revealed that the enzyme inhibitor ascorbic acid (AA) significantly reduced the activities of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), thus enhancing the potential ris...

Nelumbo nucifera is widely used as food, as an ornamental, in medicine, and as packing material; it is also reported to have anti-HIV effects and antioxidant capacity. We sought an improved method for extracting high-quality total RNA from different tissues of N. nucifera. Four methods for RNA extraction were assessed for their ability to recover high-quality RNA applicable for evaluation ...

aril browning threatens production, consumption, and exports of pomegranates, because affected fruit cannot be externally distinguished from healthy fruit. this study compared the mineral, biochemical composition, and related enzyme activities in affected brown arils with healthy ones in ‘malase saveh’ pomegranates. the results indicated that concentrations of cu in the aril and k, mg, and mn i...

This work evaluated the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems of avocados cv. Hass stored at 7 ± 0.5 °C for 10, 20, 30 d, stage edible ripeness. The enzyme system included superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), was composed total phenolic compounds (TPC), carotenoids (TC), α-, β-, γ-tocopherols, as well hydrophilic (H-AOX) lipophilic (L-AOX) activities. ...