Modified two-photon laser scanning microscope. We use a locally-designed TPLSM for the studies described here that has been modified to allow delivery of green laser light for photothrombotic clotting (Supplementary Fig. 1). Tightlyfocused 100-fs, 800-nm pulses from the femtosecond laser oscillator (Mira 900-F, Coherent, Inc.) are scanned throughout the brain of the rat using galvanometric scan...

We extend the massless dipole formalism of Catani and Seymour, as well as its massive version as developed by Catani, Dittmaier, Seymour and Trocsanyi, to arbitrary helicity eigenstates of the external partons. We modify the real radiation subtraction terms only, the primary aim being an improved efficiency of the numerical Monte Carlo integration of this contribution as part of a complete next...

We introduce a novel polarizing beam splitter that uses the anisotropic spectral reflectivity (ASR) characteristic of a high-spatial-frequency multilayer binary grating. Such ASR effects allow us to design an optical element that is transparent for TM polarization and reflective for TE polarization. For normally incident light our element acts as a polarization-selective mirror. The properties ...

In June 2010, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) added boric acid to the candidate list of SVHCs (substances of very high concern) under the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) Regulation. In polarizing plates, only unreacted (free) boric acid which is not bound to PVA is considered to be an SVHC. We developed a quantitative analytical method for unrea...

Circular polarizing filters have recently been introduced in several ophthalmic applications. These applications include clinical instruments for ophthalmoscopy, slit-lamp specular microscopy, and fundus photography, as well as consumer products such as 3-D movie projection and viewing systems and glare-control screens for computer visual display terminals. The nature of circularly polarized li...

Two female patients (21 and 57 years old, respectively) had similar cases of naturally passing kidney stones (size: 4.0 × 4.0 × 2.0 mm3). X-ray diffraction analysis was used for identifying the crystalline components of these stones, which mainly consisted of calcium oxalate monohydrate (whewellite, CaC2O4·H2O), but a small amount of organic matrix could be found, too. The petrographic thin sec...

In the mouse, however, it has been demonstrated that the two most posterior of the five digits are derived entirely from the polarizing region by proliferation without the requirement of Shh diffusion. To understand the contribution and significance that polarizing region cell proliferation has in forming different digit patterns, we grafted polarizing regions from a transgenic chicken line sta...

In the mouse, however, it has been demonstrated that the two most posterior of the five digits are derived entirely from the polarizing region by proliferation without the requirement of Shh diffusion. To understand the contribution and significance that polarizing region cell proliferation has in forming different digit patterns, we grafted polarizing regions from a transgenic chicken line sta...

Hensen's node from stage 4 to stage 10 shows polarizing activity when grafted to the anterior margin of the chick limb bud. It can specify additional digits though its action is somewhat attenuated when compared with the effect of a grafted polarizing region. At stage 10 the activity disappears from the node and is found both posterior to the node and in the future wing region of the flank. The...