نتایج جستجو برای: pol
تعداد نتایج: 9633 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
DNA polymerase iota (Pol ι) is an error-prone DNA polymerase involved in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) that contributes to the accumulation of DNA mutations. We recently showed that Pol ι is overexpressed in human esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) tissues which promotes ESCC' progression. The present study was aimed at investigating the molecular mechanisms by which Pol ι enhances the in...
All eukaryotes have three essential nuclear multisubunit RNA polymerases, abbreviated as Pol I, Pol II and Pol III. Plants are remarkable in having two additional multisubunit RNA polymerases, Pol IV and Pol V, which synthesize noncoding RNAs that coordinate RNA-directed DNA methylation for silencing of transposons and a subset of genes. Based on their subunit compositions, Pols IV and V clearl...
Plants are unique among eukaryotes in having five nuclear multisubunit RNA polymerases. These include RNA polymerases I, II, and III (Pols I, II, and III), which are ubiquitous among eukaryotes, plus two plant-specific RNA polymerases, Pol IV and Pol V, that are 12-subunit enzymes that evolved as specialized forms of Pol II. Pols IV and V are nonessential for viability but play important roles ...
The eukaryotic RNA polymerases Pol I, Pol II, and Pol III are the central multiprotein machines that synthesize ribosomal, messenger, and transfer RNA, respectively. Here we provide a catalog of available structural information for these three enzymes. Most structural data have been accumulated for Pol II and its functional complexes. These studies have provided insights into many aspects of th...
Here, we discuss the overall architecture of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) and III (Pol III) core enzymes and their associated general transcription factors in the context of models of the Pol I and Pol III pre-initiation complexes, thereby highlighting potential functional adaptations of the Pol I and Pol III enzymes to their respective transcription tasks. Several new insights demonstrate the ...
وارونگی فازی از مهمترین روشهایی است که در ساخت غشاهای متخلخل پلیمری استفاده میشود. این فرآیند از مهمترین روشهای ساخت غشاهای نامتقارن نیز میباشد. این روش بر مبنای تبادل حلال-غیرحلال استوار است و عوامل مختلفی بر ساختار غشا تاثیر گذارند که با تغییر در این عوامل میتوان ساختار غشا را از کاملاً حفرهباز متخلخل به چگال تغییر داد. استفاده از گاز دیاکسیدکربن به عنوان غیرحلال به دلیل مزایایی که نسبت...
A DNA lesion created by oxidative stress is 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanine (8-oxoG). Because 8-oxoG can mispair with adenine during DNA synthesis, it is of interest to understand the efficiency and fidelity of 8-oxoG bypass by DNA polymerases. We quantify bypass parameters for two DNA polymerases implicated in 8-oxoG bypass, Pols d and g. Yeast Pol d and yeast Pol g both bypass 8-oxoG and misincorpo...
Rpb4 is a subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA polymerase II (Pol II). It associates with the polymerase preferentially in stationary phase and is essential for some stress responses. Using the promoter-independent initiation and chain elongation assay, we monitored Pol II enzymatic activity in cell extracts. We show here that Rpb4 is required for the polymerase activity at temperature extre...
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