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The understanding of fish communities' changes over the past centuries has important implications for conservation policy and marine resource management. However, reconstructing these changes is difficult because information on marine communities before the second half of the 20(th) century is, in most cases, anecdotal and merely qualitative. Therefore, historical qualitative records and modern...

The foliated layer of bivalves is constituted by platy calcite crystals, or laths, surrounded by an organic layer, and which are arranged into sheets (folia). Therefore, the foliated microstructure can be considered the calcitic analogue to nacre. In this paper, the foliated microstructure has been studied in detail using electron and X-ray diffraction techniques, together with SEM observations...

Parasites, which cause an enormous burden in the population of the third world, are a diverse group of organisms, many of which are sensitive to oxidative stress imposed by their hosts. In recent years, several selenoprotein families, some with antioxidant properties, have been described and characterized in metazoan parasites. Glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin glutathione reductase (TGR) ...

Classically, the grain size of soil and sediment samples is determined by the sieve method for the coarse fractions and by the pipette method, based on the ‘Stokes’ sedimentation rates, for the fine fractions. Results from the two methods are compared with results from laser diffraction size analysis, which is based on the forward scattering of monochromatic coherent light. From a point of view...

background and objectives: pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens in patients who suffer from immunodeficiency and burns. wound infections caused by p. aeruginosa can rapidly change to systemic and life threatening situation. the aim of this study was to apply florescent in situ hybridization (fish) method for rapid detection of p. aeruginosa in burrn patien...