Objective : This study was carried to identify the anatomical component of FTMM(Foot Taeyang Meridian Muscle) in human lower limb, and further to help the accurate application to real acupuncture. Methods : FTM at the surface of the lower limb was labelled with latex. And cadaver was stripped off to demonstrate muscles, nerves and the others and to display the internal structures of FTMM, being...

Although chronic local inflammation in deeper tissues after skin wound healing might produce chronification of acute postsurgical pain, its mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that muscle injury and severe would prolong pain by central nervous system mechanisms. After approval the Animal Care Committee, experiments were performed Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250–300 ...

Background The gastrocnemius-soleus (G-S) muscle complex, the most dominant extrinsic plantar flexor, plays an important role in the normal weight-bearing function of the foot. The stability and stance-phase placement of the foot can be adversely affected when muscular loads/support are abnormal (e.g. equinus contracture) [1]. This study aims to formulate a three-dimensional musculoskeletal fin...

as being too ill and was retained. At 6 o'clock that evening, the patient was reported to be unconscious. I found him lying motionless, unconscious and undisturbed by shell fire near at hand. The eyes were sunken, the pupils were normal and deep reflexes not exaggerated. Kernig's sign was absent and the plantar response was flexor. There were no neurological signs. The rectal temperature was 10...

The calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament complex is the soft tissue most often seen to fail in flatfoot pathology and is associated with deformity of the talonavicular joint. The spring ligament complex supports the talar head, preventing it from displacing into excessive plantar flexion/adduction. An anatomical reconstruction of the spring ligament should replicate this function. A new method o...