Plant cells come in a striking variety of different shapes. Shape formation in plant cells is controlled through modulation of the cell wall polymers and propelled by the turgor pressure. Understanding the shaping aspects of plant cells requires knowledge of the molecular players and the biophysical conditions under which they operate. Mechanical modeling has emerged as a useful tool to correla...

A vast variety of branched structures differing in size, shape, and function are found in Nature and engineering. Needed are robust and sufficiently general methods for extracting geometric information about structure-function arrangements and relationships from images of branched structures. This paper describes a novel mathematical algorithm called Adaptive Local Principal Component Analysis ...

Manual Plant identification done by experts is tedious and time consuming. This process needs to be automatic and easy to handle by the different stakeholders. In this paper, we propose an original method for plant species recognition, based on the leaf observation. We consider two sources of information: the leaf margin and the leaf salient points. For the leaf shape description, we investigat...

In this paper a new method for recognition of 2D occluded shapes based on neural networks using generalized differential evolution training algorithm is proposed. Firstly, a generalization strategy of differential evolution algorithm is introduced. And this global optimization algorithm is applied to train the multilayer perceptron neural networks. The proposed algorithms are evaluated through ...

Wave-swept marine algae must contend with the hydrodynamic forces imposed by extreme water velocities. Nonetheless, they seldom have a shape that appears streamlined and they are constructed of weak, compliant materials. How do they survive? The answer is complex, but a coherent story is beginning to emerge. The combined effect of frond shape and material properties ensures that algae are flexi...

Plant organs reproducibly reach a set size and shape, and a key question is what prevents overgrowth. A new study uses imaging and computer modelling of the Arabidopsis sepal to show that mechanics determines growth arrest and thus final organ shape.

in present study we studied using green routes for microwave assisted synthesis of alumina nanoparticles from aluminum nitrate. it was revealed that when plant extracts are used, no specific stabilizer is needed. structural characterization of nanoparticles was studied using x-ray diffraction that showed semi-crystalline structure for two of plant extracts, other xrd patterns had no significant...

The size and shape of the plant leaf is an important agronomic trait. To understand the molecular mechanism governing plant leaf shape, we characterized a classic rice (Oryza sativa) dwarf mutant named narrow leaf1 (nal1), which exhibits a characteristic phenotype of narrow leaves. In accordance with reduced leaf blade width, leaves of nal1 contain a decreased number of longitudinal veins. Anat...

Adult leaf fenestration in "Swiss cheese" plants (Monstera Adans.) is an unusual leaf shape trait lacking a convincing evolutionary explanation. Monstera are secondary hemiepiphytes that inhabit the understory of tropical rainforests, where photosynthesis from sunflecks often makes up a large proportion of daily carbon assimilation. Here I present a simple model of leaf-level photosynthesis and...

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY I present a protocol for creating geometric leaf shape metrics to facilitate widespread application of geometric morphometric methods to leaf shape measurement. • METHODS AND RESULTS To quantify circularity, I created a novel shape metric in the form of the vector between a circle and a line, termed geometric circularity. Using leaves from 17 fern taxa, I pe...