Enrofloxacin metabolism by Mucor ramannianus was investigated as a model for the biotransformation of veterinary fluoroquinolones. Cultures grown in sucrose-peptone broth were dosed with enrofloxacin. After 21 days, 22% of the enrofloxacin remained. Three metabolites were identified: enrofloxacin N-oxide (62% of the total absorbance), N-acetylciprofloxacin (8.0%), and desethylene-enrofloxacin (...

A tremorgenic mycotoxin was isolated from Penicillium paraherquei Abe ex G. Smith and identified as verruculogen. It was produced at the rate of approximately 1 mg/g of the dried fungal mycelium cultured on peptone-enriched Czapek-Dox medium at 28 degrees C.

The acid in the commonly used indol reagent described by Kovacs (1928, 1932) and Diagnostic Procedures and Reagents (1950) changes the reaction of the medium in which the indol production is tested and prevents the further observation of biochemical processes, killing the bacteria themselves. It was found that, by heating 0.1 ml. or less of culture (broth or peptone water), indol production by ...

A bacterial strain was isolated from dhal industry red gram waste and identified as Bacillus. A thermostable extracellular amylase was partially purified from the strain. Optimum temperature and pH for the enzyme were found to be 60°C and 6.5, respectively. The maximum amylase production was achieved with maltose as carbon source. Among the nitrogen sources, peptone and yeast extract produced m...

Instances of antagonism among the enteric group of bacteria have been frequently reported in the literature, but these are concerned primarily with mixed cultures in which many different factors, difficult to analyze, are involved. In 1925 Gratia observed a strain of Escherichia coli which produced a diffusible and thermolabile antibiotic substance. He called this substance "principe V." This "...

1. Many substances besides the specific broth filtrates of Besredka can be utilized as topical applications to protect guinea pigs from the effects of massive doses of staphylococcus given subcutaneously. (Plain broth, peptone 10 per cent, peptone 1 per cent, Liebig's meat extract, mustard plaster and normal horse serum.) 2. Where such protection occurs, no matter what the stimulus is, the loca...

The xylanase production by Cochliobolus sativus strain Cs6 was improved under solid state fermentation (SSF). High xylanase activity (1079 U/g) was obtained when wheat straw was used after 8 days of incubation. Combinations of sodium nitrate with peptone or yeast extract resulted in an increased xylanase production (1543 and 1483 U/g, respectively). The Cs6 strain grown in SSF in a simple mediu...

The isolation of group specific B substance from human stomach juice is described. The substance is carbohydrate-like in nature and is as potent as the carbohydrate-like substance group A isolated from commercial pepsin and peptone respectively.

An immunohistochemical method using biotinyl tyramine was recently introduced to amplify weak staining signals. Despite its high sensitivity, however, tyramine-based immunostaining has been limited by its increased background staining. In this study, to develop an improved protocol of biotinyl tyramine-based immunohistochemistry minimizing the background staining, we determined which staining s...