Methylene blue is widely used in various industrial branches. Due to insufficient treatment, its occurrence in wastewater is frequently detected, which may result in serious environment problems to aquatic organisms. Hydroponic experiments were conducted with rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. cv. XZX 45) exposed to methylene blue to determine the effective concentration using relative gr...

The study presents an in vitro test development as a model for herbicide phytotoxicity. It provides reliable data on how the affects seed germination and early growth stages, dynamic, during cultivation. sensitivity of five mutant pepper genotypes with different origin fruit colour to napromamide (Devrinol 4F) was investigated. All studied doses, corresponding 3, 4, 5 L/ha, caused phytotoxicity...

A reductive analysis of factors limiting growth of plants subjected to Cd treatment is made in this review. The non-specific character of Cd phytotoxicity and its negative effects on the basic growth components: RGR, NAR, LAR, SLA, etc. are presented. An attempt to connect the changes in plant growth with some effects of Cd on water relations, dark respiration, and photosynthesis was made. It w...

objective: sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci gen. (b. tabaci), is one of the most important pests of various greenhouse crops in iran. nowadays, chemical insecticides are broadly used for control of the pests that causes risk to consumer's health. for the first time, contact toxicity of pelargonium roseum andrews and artemisia sieberi besser essential oils on b. tabaci and its possible...

mass generation of bagasse wastes from every 100 kg of sago starch pith being processed are likely to pollute the water when they are discarded into rivers. the increase of livestock production increases manure production and improper management of these manures will pollute the soil and environment, and causing diseases outbreak. co-composting of sago bagasse and chicken manure could serve as ...

A Field experiments were conducted for two years at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India during kharif season of 2010 and 2011 to evaluate the new formulation of oxyfluorfen (23.5% EC) on weed control in onion and their residual effect on succeeding crops. Herbicides are being chemical in nature, excessive and repeated use may pose...

The vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a pest in grape vine growing areas worldwide. The essential oils from the following aromatic plants were tested for their insecticidal activity against P. ficus: peppermint, Mentha piperita L. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), thyme-leaved savory, Satureja thymbra L., lavender, Lavandula angustifolia Mill, and basil, Ocimum ba...

Control of citrus canker (caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri) on grapefruit is required to reduce blemishes on fresh fruit. The objective was to evaluate formulations, rates, duration of residues for copper materials, combinations of copper materials and streptomycin, and application timing for effective canker control on young, fruiting grapefruit trees. Copper applications were made at ...