Phylogenetic relationships among 50 Phytophthora species and between Phytophthora and other oomycetes were examined on the basis of the ITS sequences of genomic rDNA. Phytophthora grouped with Pythium, Peronospora, and Halophytophthora, distant from genera in the Saprolegniales. Albugo was intermediate between these two groups. Unlike Pythium, Phytophthora was essentially monophyletic, all but ...

Oomycetes form a deep lineage of eukaryotic organisms that includes a large number of plant pathogens which threaten natural and managed ecosystems. We undertook a survey to query the community for their ranking of plant-pathogenic oomycete species based on scientific and economic importance. In total, we received 263 votes from 62 scientists in 15 countries for a total of 33 species. The Top 1...

the pistachio gardens in iran rival other countries with 280000 hectares and rank first in the world in terms of annual production 300,000 mts. ecological factors for pistachio planting favor the growth of aspergillus flavus which produce aflatoxin as secondary metabolites which reduces pistachio exports. it is important to control a. flavus and its aflatoxin production to increase pistachio ex...

A batata é a solanácea de maior importância econômica no agronegócio mundial. ocorrência doenças causadas por fungos e chromistas (oomicetos cercozoários) pode comprometer seriamente cultura, o rendimento qualidade tubérculos. Entre os danos causados destacam-se principalmente: falhas germinação; tombamentos; manchas foliares; lesões em caules, murchas; podridões; manchas, má formação apodrecim...

The objectives of this research are: (1) to evaluate elite Paradox hybrid clones for resistance to Phytophthora citricola, a virulent and prevalent crown and root pathogen affecting California walnuts and (2) to determine specific etiology of a root and crown rot problem in upper Sacramento Valley orchards on Paradox walnut rootstock. Two screens for resistance to P. citricola were completed in...

Phytophthora is one of the most important and aggressive plant pathogenic genera in agriculture and forestry. Early detection and identification of its pathways of infection and spread are of high importance to minimize the threat they pose to natural ecosystems. eDNA was extracted from soil and water from forests and plantations in the north of Spain. Phytophthora-specific primers were adapted...

Although Phytophthora species cause serious diseases worldwide, until recently the main focus on disease in natural ecosystems in southern Australia has been on the distribution and impact of P. cinnamomi. However, new Phytophthora pathogens have emerged from natural ecosystems, and there is a need to better understand the diversity and distribution of these species in our natural forests, wood...

Phytophthora sojae Kaufmann and Gerdemann, which causes Phytophthora root rot, is a widespread pathogen that limits soybean production worldwide. Development of Phytophthora resistant cultivars carrying Phytophthora resistance Rps genes is a cost-effective approach in controlling this disease. For this mapping study of a novel Rps gene, 290 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (F7 families) were dev...

Phytophthora pathogens secrete an array of specific effector proteins to manipulate host innate immunity to promote pathogen colonization. However, little is known about the host targets of effectors and the specific mechanisms by which effectors increase susceptibility. Here we report that the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae uses an essential effector PsAvh262 to stabilize endoplasmic reti...