BACKGROUND Betamethasone is used for its antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in disorders of many organ systems. However, the pharmacokinetic properties of betamethasone in plasma after intramuscular injection of betamethasone sodium phosphate and betamethasone acetate dual-acting suspension need further investigation. OBJECTIVES The main aim of this study was to determine the phar...

Biofilm-related infections represent a recurrent problem in the orthopaedic setting. In recent years, great interest was directed towards the identification of novel molecules capable to interfere with pathogens adhesion and biofilm formation on implant surfaces. In this study, two stable forms of α-tocopherol, the hydrophobic acetate ester and the water-soluble phosphate ester, were tested in ...

Focal cerebral ischaemia has an initial phase of inflammation and tissue injury followed by a later phase of resolution and repair. Mass spectrometry imaging (desorption electrospray ionization and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization) was applied on brain sections from mice 2 h, 24 h, 5d, 7d, and 20d after permanent focal cerebral ischaemia. Within 24 h, N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamines...

Novel, injectable, biodegradable macromer solutions that form hydrogels when elevated to physiologic temperature via a dual chemical and thermo-gelation were fabricated and characterized. A thermogelling, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based macromer with pendant phosphate groups was synthesized and subsequently functionalized with chemically cross-linkable methacrylate groups via degradable phosp...

1. The hydrolysis of added (32)P-labelled phospholipids by whole ram and bull semen and the separated spermatozoal and plasma components was examined. 2. The ethanolamine phosphoglycerides were rapidly attacked by washed spermatozoa, forming predominantly glycerylphosphorylethanolamine, but with whole semen and seminal plasma a lysophosphatidylethanolamine was also detected. 3. The hydrolysis o...

Plasma prednisolone levels have been compared in healthy volunteers and in patients suffering from idiopathic proctocolitis after the administration of standard retention enemata containing either prednisolone-21-phosphate or prednisolone metasulphobenzoate sodium. The levels were significantly lower after the latter, irrespective of the presence or degree of activity of the disease. Prednisolo...

We discovered that two physiologically occurring metabolic intermediates, glyceraldehyde phosphate and succinate, are potent insulin secretagogues. No other glycolytic intermediate besides glyceraldehyde phosphate was insulinotropic. Succinate, when added to islets as either its monomethyl or dimethyl ester to increase its cellular permeability, was also insulinotropic. In islets, as in other c...

We aim to prepare a size-shifting nanocarrier for site-targeting mucosal drug delivery that can penetrate through mucus gel layer and remain close the absorption membrane. As nanocarriers be engineered but they also back diffuse into outer regions, size shifting micron range once have reached membrane would prevent back-diffusion effect extend release over long period of time. For this purpose,...

Oligosaccharides from regular milk and lactose-free were analyzed by Electrospray Ionization interface coupled with Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry (IT-MS). The negative mode mass spectrometry of sugar compositions was obtained either direct infusion Liquid Chromatography (LC). Hexose (Hex) the other oligomeric components observed in both milk. While lactose derivatives (deprotonated dimer, chloride...

Phosphatase activities were investigated in Morganella morganii, which is one of the few enterobacterial species producing high-level phosphate-irrepressible acid phosphatase activity (HPAP phenotype), and the gene encoding the major phosphate-irrepressible acid phosphatase was cloned, sequenced, and its product characterized. Using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate, Morganella produced a ma...