Norms—that is, specifications of what we ought to do—play a critical role in the study of informal argumentation, as they do in studies of judgment, decisionmaking and reasoning more generally. Specifically, they guide a recurring theme: are people rational? Though rules and standards have been central to the study of reasoning, and behavior more generally, there has been little discussion with...

haranguing Sloman to drop the way he learned to do philosophy at Oxford and to start studying artificial intelligence instead. Two years later, Sloman presented his first paper at the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 1971). This paper, " Interactions between Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence: The Role of Intuition and Non-logical Reasoning in Intelligence, "...

The argumentative system, known to the decision-making, communications, knowledge creation, problem solving, and research methods literature, can be generalised to assist IS design. It has a deep philosophical basis, confronts the issue of uneven power relationships in stakeholders, does not assume objective knowledge, and encourages a learn-by-doing modular approach allowing rolling reflection...

The main goal of this paper is to investigate what explanatory resources Robert Brandom’s distinction between acknowledged and consequential commitments affords in relation to the problem of logical omniscience. With this distinction the importance of the doxastic perspective under consideration for the relationship between logic and norms of reasoning is emphasized, and it becomes possible to ...

Neither the Ash‘arites nor Kierkegaard’s systems of theology are anti-rational, for Kierkegaard regards the contradiction present in the object of faith as absolute rather than logical, suggesting thereby the existential dialectics for understanding this contradiction instead of resolving it. The Ash‘arites also hold that one can understand the existence of God through absolute reason, or reaso...

The article is devoted to the study of constitutional values in aspect concept-construct model. As a result analysis system Russian from point view legal discourse hierarchy its elements, offers justification approach that determines unity their status. axiology modern foundations statehood predetermined by national history. search for new approaches actualized processes transformations have fo...

Globalization refers to a multidimensional set of social processes that create, multiply, stretch, and intensify worldwide social interdependencies and exchanges while at the same time fostering in people a growing awareness of deepening connections between the local and the distant. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) focuses on the concept that business has a duty to serve society in genera...

This production reflects on the reductionist practices of teaching grammars and other possible forms work to be followed, using transduction as a form reasoning, towards experience reading more serious fruitful studies that broaden horizons effect individualizations. Deleuze Guattari are our main philosophical optics; Neves, Faraco others served us with their distinct concerns in area language ...

In this book on philosophical aspects of systems biology, this chapter summarizes the philosophical status of a variety of sciences. Biology, physics and molecular biology offer particular contrast here. It is contended that philosophy and methodology should be determined substantially by the degree of complexity of the system under study. Some of the new experimental methods that have made sys...

Although reasoning about what is the case has been the historic focus of logic, reasoning about what should be done is an equally important capacity for an intelligent agent. Reasoning about what to do in a given situation termed practical reasoning in the philosophical literature has important differences from reasoning about what is the case. The acceptability of an argument for an action tur...