A protein without natural binding functions was engineered to bind HIV-1 integrase. Phage display selections applied a library of variants based on the C-terminal domain of the eye lens protein human γS-crystallin. Multiple loop regions were altered to encode libraries with ≈3.6 × 10(11) different variants. A crystallin variant, termed integrase binding protein-10 (IBP-10), inhibits integrase c...

Some new diazo incorporated coumarin compounds were designed and synthesized to evaluate their anti-HIV activity. Overall, compounds were active against HIV at 100 μM. Additionally, no cytotoxic effect was observed at this concentration. The compound with 4-chlorobenzyl group indicated the best anti-HIV activity (52%). Docking studies using the later crystallographic data available for PFV inte...

Resistance to the integrase strand transfer inhibitors raltegravir and elvitegravir is often due to well-identified mutations in the integrase gene. However, the situation is less clear for patients who fail dolutegravir treatment. Furthermore, most in vitro experiments to select resistance to dolutegravir have resulted in few mutations of the integrase gene. We performed an in vitro dolutegrav...

BACKGROUND Drug design against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase through its mechanistic study is of great interest in the area in biological research. The main obstacle in this area is the absence of the full-length crystal structure for HIV-1 integrase to be used as a model. A complete structure, similar to HIV-1 of a prototype foamy virus integrase in complex with DNA, in...

Phage ΦC31 integrase is a potential vector for the insertion of therapeutic genes into specific sites in the human genome. To understand the mechanism involved in ΦC31 integrase-mediated recombination, it is important to understand the interaction between the integrase and cellular proteins. Using a yeast two-hybrid system with pLexA-ΦC31 integrase as bait, we screened a pB42AD human fetal brai...

Genomic integration by the Streptomyces bacteriophage C31 integrase is a promising tool for non-viral gene therapy of various genetic disorders. We investigated the C31 integrase recombination activity in T cell derived cell lines, primary T lymphocytes and CD34(+) haematopoietic stem cells in comparison to mesenchymal stem cells and cell lines derived from lung-, liver- and cervix-tissue. In T...

Salmonella enterica is a bacterial species that is a major cause of illness in humans and food-producing animals. S. enterica exhibits considerable inter-serovar diversity, as evidenced by the large number of host adapted serovars that have been identified. The development of methods to assess genome diversity in S. enterica will help to further define the limits of diversity in this foodborne ...

Retroviral infection requires integration of the viral genome into the host genome. Recombinant integrase proteins may be purified following bacterial expression. A bulk biochemical assay of integrase function relies on the conversion of supercoiled plasmids to linear or relaxed circles. Single molecule molecular tweezer assays of integrase also evaluate the conversion of supercoiled DNA to nic...

BACKGROUND Optimal regimen choice of antiretroviral therapy is essential to achieve long-term clinical success. Integrase inhibitors have swiftly been adopted as part of current antiretroviral regimens. The purpose of this study was to review the evidence for integrase inhibitor use in clinical settings. METHODS MEDLINE and Web-of-Science were screened from April 2006 until November 2012, as ...

Conventional treatment for cancer such as surgical resection and chemotherapy can cause damage in cases with advanced cancers. Moreover, the identification of tumor-specific targets has great importance in T-cell therapies. For decades, T cell activity has been stimulated to improve anti-tumor activity. Bispecific antibodies have attracted strong interest from pharmaceutical companies, for thei...