Effects of natural and structurally transformed lignans compared with stilbenes or stilbenoids on production of nitric oxide (NO) triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tested under in vitro conditions using murine resident peritoneal macrophages, are reviewed. Relation between the molecular structure and immunobiological activity was investigated, and implication of su...

Shikimic acid and its role in the formation of aromatic amino acids, benzoic acids, and cinnamic acids is described, along with further modifications leading to lignans and lignin, phenylpropenes, and coumarins. Combinations of the shikimate pathway and the acetate pathway are responsible for the biosynthesis of styrylpyrones, flavonoids and stilbenes, flavonolignans, and isoflavonoids. Terpeno...

The complexation abilities of five cyclodextrins (CDs) with seven phenylpropanoids (PPs) were evaluated by UV-visible spectroscopy, phase solubility studies and molecular modeling. Formation constants (K f), complexation efficiency (CE), PP:CD molar ratio, increase in formulation bulk and complexation energy were assessed. All complexes exhibited a 1:1 stoichiometry but their stability was infl...

Flaxseed is a rich source of different types of phenolics such as lignans, phenolic acids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and tannins. To date, extensive investigations has been undertaken to demonstrate antioxidant potential of flaxseed phenolics. However, antioxidant potential of all the flaxseed phenolics has not been collectively discussed. Hence, the aim of this article is to highlight the v...

The search for alternative drugs capable of disrupting the inflammatory process has become an important issue in scientific research, especially with reference to the use of natural substances and the reduction of undesirable side effects. Essential oils represent an important source of such substances, since their active constituents often exhibit an array of pharmacological properties, includ...