This paper presents a novel Phase frequency detector for Charge Pump Phase locked loop (PLL) applications to enable fast frequency acquisition in the phaselocked loop (PLL). To cope with the missing edge problem, the proposed PFD predicts the reset signal and blocks the corresponding input signal during the reset time. The blocked edge is regenerated after the reset signal is deactivated [1]. T...

By the use of Cr-39 particle track detectors immersed in the electrolyte, we confirm that a nuclear reaction of as-yet unknown nature can take place during electrolysis. With Li2SO4 dissolved in D2O or H2O and either Pd or Ni as cathodes, a very large statistical difference in nuclear track generation is found between detector chips immersed during electrolysis and the control chips immersed in...

The recombinant E. coli Delta6 mutant (galR, glpK, gldA, IdhA, lacI, tpiA) was used to produce 1,3-propanediol (PD) from glucose. The 1,3-PD production increased with feedback control of the glucose concentration using fed-batch fermentation. The maximum 1,3-PD concentration produced was 43 g/l after 60 h of fermentation. Glycerol production was minimized when controlling the glucose concentrat...

This paper presents a novel approach based on the back-propagation neural network (BPNN) for the insulation diagnosis of power transformers. Four epoxy-resin power transformers with typical insulation defects are purposely made by a manufacturer. These transformers are used as the experimental models of partial discharge (PD) examination. Then, a precious PD detector is used to measure the 3-D ...

the ball and beam system is one of the most popular laboratory setups for control education. in this paper, we design a fuzzy pd cascade controller for a ball and beam system using asexual reproduction optimization (aro) technique. the ball & beam system consists of a servo motor, a grooved beam, and a rolling ball. this system utilizes a servo motor to control ball’s position on the beam. chan...

In previous work, we have shown that second-order phase locked loop (PLL) with sinusoidal phase detector characteristics have a separatrix cycle for a certain value of closed loop gain. It was verified that bifurcation from a stable separatrix cycle is the mechanism responsible for breaking the limit cycle associated with the PLL’s out-of lock state and the loop pulls in (phase lock). The value...

A pre-concentration and determination methodology for palladium in real samples at ultra-trace levels by 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) was developed. The analyte in the initial aqueous solution, acidified with HCl, was complexed with PAN and Triton X-114 was added as a surfactant. The surfactant-rich phase was diluted with concentrated HNO3 (65%, w/w) after phase separation. Then, the conce...

Parahydrogen-induced polarization was observed in the gas phase heterogeneous hydrogenation of propyne catalyzed by Pd(0) nanoparticles embedded in an ionic liquid phase supported on activated carbon fibers (Pd(0)/SILP/ACF). The results were markedly different from those obtained with a reference catalyst, Pd(0)/ACF, demonstrating the important role of the ionic liquid.

Hydrogen sorption/desorption signals observed on cyclic voltammograms in experiments on hydrogen electrosorption into Pd-noble metal alloys (Pd-Au, Pd-Pt, Pd-Rh, Pd-Ru, Pd-Pt-Rh, Pd-Pt-Au) were characterized. The influence of electrosorption potential, scan rate and alloy bulk composition on the features of the hydrogen peaks was investigated. The experimental results were compared with those o...