AIM To analyse how age-related losses in crystalline lens transmittance and pupillary area affect circadian photoreception and compare the circadian performance of phakic and pseudophakic individuals of the same age. METHODS The spectral sensitivity of circadian photoreception peaks in the blue part of the spectrum at approximately 460 nm. Photosensitive retinal ganglion cells send unconsciou...

PURPOSE To evaluate higher order aberrations and contrast sensitivity after LASIK, implantation of the Verisyse phakic intraocular lens (IOL), and refractive lens exchange with the Array multifocal IOL. METHODS In a prospective, non-randomized case series, LASIK was performed in 20 eyes with the Technolas 217z excimer laser (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY), a Verisyse phakic IOL (AMO Inc, Santa...

PURPOSE To compare the long-term results (9 years) of LASIK in one eye and phakic intraocular lens (implantable contact lens [ICL]) implantation in the fellow eye of the same patient. METHODS A patient with high myopia underwent LASIK with a MEL 60 excimer laser in one eye (spherical equivalent refraction -9.75 diopters [D], 5-mm optical zone with no transition zone) and phakic intraocular le...

PURPOSE To compare the efficacy and outcome of phakic toric implantable collamer lens (TICL) and refractive clear lens extraction with AcrySof Toric intraocular lens (TIOL) implantation for the treatment of myopic astigmatism. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study assessed eyes with myopic astigmatism >-1 D and ≤-4 D with a spherical equivalent >10 D or <10 D if the patients were unsuitable for cor...

PURPOSE To report the distribution of iris conicity (steepness of the iris cone), investigate associated factors, and test whether pseudophakia allows the iris to sink back. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out. Ophthalmological examination including objective refraction, biometry, noncontact tonometry, and Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam®, Oculus) was performed incl...