Intra- and interspecific variation in flower color is a hallmark of angiosperm diversity. The evolutionary forces underlying the variety of flower colors can be nearly as diverse as the colors themselves. In addition to pollinator preferences, non-pollinator agents of selection can have a major influence on the evolution of flower color polymorphisms, especially when the pigments in question ar...

maintaining quality and longevity of cut flowers is one of the critical issues in the floriculture industry, especially in cut flowers; and one of the most important problems in chrysanthemum, as one of the most popular cut flowers. therefore, an experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design as pulse treatment with the three factors: tea extracts with 4 levels (5, 10, 20, and 4...

A recent study of the expression of floral organ identity genes in buttercups, poppies and their relatives has shed light on the evolutionary origin of petals.

The flower is the reproductive organ of tea plant, while it also processed into different kinds products and thus great significance to be utilized. In this study, non-volatile secondary metabolites in internal external petals white, white pink, pink flowers were studied using a widely targeted metabolomics method with ultra-high liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). A to...

A fter the grasses, the legume family (which includes peas, beans, and soya) is the plant group of greatest importance to mankind. The legume family is a source of products and services from tropical timber to atmospheric nitrogen fixation. As the botanist E. J. H. Corner (1) put it, ‘‘From arctic circle to tropics, desert to pergola, bacteria to plough, field to mouth, and legend to science, L...

The presence of anthocyanins in flowers and fruits is frequently attributed to attracting pollinators and dispersers. In vegetative organs, anthocyanins and other non-pigmented flavonoids such as flavones and flavonols may serve protective functions against UV radiation, cold, heat, drought, salinity, pathogens, and herbivores; thus, these compounds are usually produced as a plastic response to...