The inflammatory response is driven by signals that recruit and elicit immune cells to areas of tissue damage or infection. The concept of a mononuclear phagocyte system postulates that monocytes circulating in the bloodstream are recruited to inflamed tissues where they give rise to macrophages. A recent publication demonstrated that the large increase in the macrophages observed during infect...

recent studies have established that sex hormones directly or indirectly affect t and b cells and macrophages by manipulating the production of cytokines. in this study the possibility of the effect of 5a-dht on macrophage (mφ) nitric oxide (no) release via interleukin-l, 6 (ll-1β, il-6) or tumor necrosis factor-a (tnfα) was investigated. the endogenous cytokines il-1β, il-6 and tnf-α were neut...

The interaction between Coxiella burnetii and peritoneal macrophages obtained from immune guinea pigs was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Phagocytosis and subsequent fate of ingested phase I and II rickettsiae were compared. Phase I rickettsiae were more resistant to phagocytosis than were phase II organisms. Macrophages from phase I- and II-immunized animals were equally capable o...

Mononuclear phagocytes are undoubtedly the sine qua non of chronic inflammatory reactions. This is demonstrated by their unique ability to function as phagocytic, secretory, or effector cells during the course of an immune event. Although macrophages can perform a variety of immune tasks, their ability to function appropriately is dependent upon the mode of elicitation, the stimulus under inves...

background: in recent years, immunocompromised patients are at high risk for the development of invasive aspergillosis. due to the increase of antimicrobial resistance, natural agents with medicinal and immunomodulatory effects has gained more attention. honey is a natural substance with documented antimicrobial, anti-inflamatory and wound healing effects. objectives: the purpose of this study ...

Inflammation is counterbalanced by anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, in which Stat3 mediates the signaling pathway. In this study, we demonstrate that resident macrophages, but not other cell types, are important targets of IL-10 in a murine model of acute peritonitis. Injection of thioglycollate i.p. induced a considerable number of neutrophils and macrophages in the peritoneum, which...

Using a specific and sensitive fluorometric assay, the H2O2 release from as few as 2 X 10(5) mouse peritoneal macrophages could be detected continuously and quantitated. It is emphasized that the assay measured H2O2 release, not production. Induction of H2O2 release required sequential application of two stimuli: the administration of an activating agent to the mice from 4 days to 10 wk before ...

The effect of azathioprine on the kinetics of peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages was studied in normal mice and in mice in which an inflammatory reaction was provoked. Two dosage levels were used: a high dose of 200mg/kg which is the maximum tolerated daily dose in mice, and low dose of 3 mg/kg which is about equivalent to a nontoxic, immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory dose...

Mouse alveolar macrophages (AM) cultured in the absence of serum secrete an elastolytic enzyme. The elastase from AM resembles the previously described elastase from peritoneal macrophages (PM) in pH optimum and inhibition profile. The macrophage enzymes do not appear to be stored, and with periodic changes in the culture medium, accumulate extracellularly for up to 10 days. Resident PM produce...

Recent studies have established that sex hormones directly or indirectly affect T and B cells and macrophages by manipulating the production of cytokines. In this study the possibility of the effect of 5a-DHT on macrophage (MΦ) nitric oxide (NO) release via interleukin-l, 6 (lL-1β, IL-6) or tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFα) was investigated. The endogenous cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were ...