Introduction: Recurrent hypoxia (HPX), a hallmark of the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), impairs autonomic balance, and increases arterial blood pressure (BP). Oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms involved in these alterations. The cumulative effect of acute intermittent HPX and the chronicity may determine whether the response crosses the threshold from having protective value to pathology...

CONTEXT The subjectivity of pain causes enormous difficulties in evaluating neonatal pain with a single, practical and easy-to-apply tool. Pain evaluation in the neonatal period should be performed by valid, safe, useful and feasible methods. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity of the Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS), Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), heart rate (HR) and O2 saturation (O2...

We have developed a novel mapping software package to reconstruct microvascular networks in three dimensions (3-D) from in vivo video images for use in blood flow and O2 transport modeling. An intravital optical imaging system was used to collect video sequences of blood flow in microvessels at different depths in the tissue. Functional images of vessels were produced from the video sequences a...

Accurately measuring dissolved oxygen concentrations in fresh and salt water environments has long been an interdisciplinary priority. Many methodologies exist, including two very promising new ones, optical fluorescence quenching optrodes (or optodes) and solid-state voltammetric electrodes. In this study we compare the responsiveness of these two techniques to dynamic changes in dissolved oxy...

The oxidation kinetics of a-CHx overcoats during exposure to oxygen and water vapor have been measured using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) in an apparatus that allows oxidation and analysis of freshly deposited a-CHx overcoats without prior exposure of the overcoats to air. The uptake of oxygen on the surfaces of the a-CHx overcoats has been measured at O2 and H2O pressures in the rang...

Pulmonate snails that experience extreme variations in gas tensions and temperatures possess extracellular, high-molecular mass (∼1.7 × 106 Da) hemoglobins (Hbs) that are little known as regards oxygenation and allosteric characteristics. Biomphalaria glabrata hemolymph exhibits a high O2 affinity (half-saturation O2 tension = 6.1 mmHg; pH 7.7, 25°C), pronounced Bohr effect (Bohr factor = -0.5)...

We analyzed 56 O2 equilibrium curves of fresh human blood, each from 0 to 150 Torr Po2. The data were collected over ranges of values for the 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid-to-hemoglobin concentration ratio [DPG]/[Hb] of 0.2-2.7, for pH of 7.0-7.8, and for Pco2 of 7-70 Torr. Each curve was characterized according to the Adair scheme for the stepwise oxygenation of Hb, and the resulting constants (a...

objectivethis study aimed to assess brain natriuretic peptide in early diagnose of cardiac function in children with congenital heart diseases.methodologythis study was performed on children with chd and healthy. severity of heart failure modified ross classification system was used for grouping patients in four classes. for all participants, height, weight and head circumference were measured....

background croup, or acute laryngotracheobronchitis, is the most common cause of upper airway obstruction in children. objectives in this study, the efficacies of intramuscular and oral dexamethasone administration are compared for treatment of croup. patients and methods this is a single-blind randomized trial involving 68 children divided into two groups, the first group received 0.6 mg/kg in...

objective: several medications have been used for sedation in children in dentistry and intra-nasal route has been reported to be an efficient way regarding patient cooperation. the aim of the present study was to compare the changes in physiologic parameters following intra-nasal midazolam and ketamine administration.   methods: in this randomized cross-over double-blind trial, 17 uncooperativ...