Target-derived neurotrophic factors are assumed to regulate motoneuron cell death during development but remain unspecified. Motoneuron cell death in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) of rats extends postnatally and is controlled by androgens. We exploited these features of the SNB system to identify endogenously produced trophic factors regulating motoneuron survival. Newborn fem...

Traumatic rupture of the bladder with eversion and protrusion via the perineum is a rare complication of pelvic injury. We present a 36-year-old lady who sustained severe pelvic injury with a bleeding right-sided deep perineal laceration. She had closed reduction of pelvic fracture with pelvic banding and primary closure of perineal laceration at a private hospital. She subsequently had dehisce...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to describe the sonographic appearance of the fetal anus and its usefulness in diagnosis of anal atresia. METHODS An anomaly scan was performed in 13,150 patients over 8 years. Gestational ages ranged from 16 to 38 weeks. A tangential scan of the fetal perineum was performed. The anus was seen as a hypoechoic ring representing the wall of the anal cana...

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of faecal management systems in improving survival of patients with extensive burns involving the perineum. All adults with burns of more than 30% total body surface area (TBSA) who were actively treated in our regional burn service between December 2008 and July 2012 were reviewed and compared to an historical cohort of 18 adult patients...

Objective: Despite the fact that a restrictive use of episiotomy has proven to be beneficial, it continues to be widely used in vaginal births. Our aim was to compare women with episiotomy, to women with an intact perineum, 3 months after delivery, regarding several sexual variables, namely: sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, pain, sexual satisfaction and sexual function. Methods: An exploratory, ...

The anatomy of parts of the pelvic outlet and perineum is described in an adult male gorilla. Two previously undescribed muscles are presented: (1) The puborectalis muscle, completely separated from the levator ani, arises from the region of the symphysis and forms a sling for the rectum while it also substitutes for the perineal membrane. (2) The puboampullaris muscle, a paired smooth muscle, ...

BACKGROUND Abdominoperineal excision is performed in patients with locally advanced, low rectal carcinoma. Reconstruction of the dorsal vagina and perineum using the vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap following extensive surgery results in favorable surgical outcome and quality of life. However, the rectus abdominis muscle, as part of the anterior abdominal wall, may develop fibrous le...