This paper reviews the economic models most commonly applied to estimate the value of intellectual property and other forms of intangible assets. It highlights the key strengths and weaknesses of these models. One of the apparent weaknesses of the most commonly used valuation models is the failure to incorporate legal rights into their calculations. Creation, maintenance, and enforcement of leg...

abstract by using cross-section data which gathered through a survey research in mashhad ,contingent valuation approach and tobit model this study tries to determine economical value of air pollution and effective factors on wtp. based on contingent valuation approach, air pollution total value of airpollution in high-polluted region equals 7134146560 rials per month and in middle-polluted regi...

The Last Planner System (LPS) is a production planning and control system that utilizes the lean construction philosophy to improve workflow reliability. Although there are several metrics developed measure performance of LPS, current fail genuinely reflect actual LPS. literature review shows no evidence existing researches provide holistic approach Consequently, this research aims propose new ...

Employing attitude measures to explain valuation responses in contingent valuation studies has the potential to improve statistical analyses as well as interpretation of response information. In this paper, four types of attitude measures are compared for their ability to provide these benefits in the context of a contingent valuation of an air quality management plan for Sofia, Bulgaria. Findi...

In this paper, persents the definitions of strongly prime ideal, strongly prime N-subgroup, Pseudo-valuation near ring and Pseudo-valuation N-group. Some of their properties have also been proven by theorems. Then it is shown that, if N be near ring with quotient near-field K and P be a strongly prime ideal of near ring N, then is a strongly prime ideal of ‎‎, for any multiplication subset S of...

This paper provides extensive evidence on portfolio characteristics of mutual funds and studies the relation between fund performance and the fund manager's investment strategy. The results show that neither momentum characteristics nor the valuation of stocks can explain differences in fund performance. However, the paper finds a negative firm-size effect that partly explains previous findings...