Abstract—This paper represents a high performance reversible watermarking technique which involve adaptable predictor and sorting parameter to suit each image and each payload in order get lowest image distortion. Our proposed method relies on a well-known prediction error (PE) expansion technique. Having small PE values and a harmonious PE sorting parameter will greatly decrease distortion. In...

In a target discrimination task, trials with incorrect responses elicit event-related potentials (ERPs) that include an error-related negativity (ERN or Ne) and a later error-positivity (Pe). Substantial evidence points to the anterior cingulate cortex as the source generator of the ERN. We examined the development of ERP component morphology, amplitude and latency to processing of correct and ...

Placebo analgesia (PA) is accompanied by decreased activity in pain-related brain regions, but also by greater prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation, which has been suggested to reflect increases in top-down cognitive control and regulation of pain. Here we test whether PA is associated with altered prefrontal monitoring functions that could adjust nociceptive processing to a mismatch between expe...

Background. In order to prevent future errors, we constantly control our behavior for discrepancies between the expected (i.e., intended) and the real action outcome and continuously adjust our behavior accordingly. Neurophysiological correlates of this action-monitoring process can be studied with event-related potentials (error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe)) originating f...

BACKGROUND One of the most recognizable features of psychopathy is the reduced ability to successfully learn and adapt overt behavior. This might be due to deficient processing of error information indicating the need to adapt controlled behavior. METHODS Event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral components of error-monitoring processes were investigated in 16 individuals with psychopath...

Parameter convergence is desirable in adaptive control as it brings several attractive features, including accurate online modelling, exponential tracking, and robust adaptation without parameter drift. However, a strong persistent-excitation (PE) condition must be satisfied to guarantee parameter convergence in the conventional adaptive control. This study proposes a model reference composite ...

OBJECTIVE Popliteal venous aneurysms (PVAs) are an uncommon but potentially life-threatening disease because they can be a source for pulmonary emboli (PE). With the widespread use of venous duplex scanning, PVAs are increasingly found in patients with deep or superficial vein insufficiency, and questions have arisen as to the management of these aneurysms. The purpose of this study was to revi...

OBJECTIVE To describe patients who present to the pediatric emergency department (PED) and are subsequently diagnosed with pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS Electronic medical records from 2003 to 2011 of a tertiary care pediatric health care system was retrospectively reviewed to identify patients <21 years who had a final International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of ...

BACKGROUND Eclampsia remains a major cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. We examined facilitators and barriers to the use of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) in the management of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (PE/E) in health facilities in Bauchi and Sokoto States in Nigeria. METHODS Data were collected from 80 health facilities using a cross-sectional, mixed method (quanti...

Pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, mostly, in case of PE for its lack of sensitivity of its early detection. For as much as twenty-five percent of PE patients the primary clinical appearance is unexpected death. While PE is one of the most avertable causes of hospital associated deaths, its diagnostics can be extremel...